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avoid problems

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1 avoid problems

Экономика: избегать проблем

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > avoid problems
2 to avoid problems

избегать проблем

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > to avoid problems
3 to avoid problems

избегать проблем/трудностей

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > to avoid problems
4 problem

n

1) проблема; трудность

2) задача

3) вопрос

•

to add to a country's problems — увеличивать трудности, испытываемые страной

to address a problem — заниматься проблемой; браться за решение вопроса

to aggravate a problem — обострять / осложнять проблему

to alleviate a problem — снимать остроту вопроса

to appreciate the seriousness of the problem — осознавать / понимать серьезность проблемы

to attack a problem — браться за решение проблемы

to avoid problems — избегать проблем

to bring up a problem — поднимать / ставить на обсуждение проблему

to combat economic problems — бороться с экономическими трудностями

to come up against a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to complicate a problem — осложнять проблему

to compound the problems already facing smb — осложнять и без того трудные проблемы, стоящие перед кем-л.

to confront a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to constitute the core of the problem — составлять суть проблемы

to cope with a problem — справляться с задачей

to counteract a problem — принимать меры по какой-л. проблеме

to create a problem — создавать проблему / трудность

to deal successfully with problems — решать проблемы; успешно справляться с проблемами / с трудностями

to deal with a problem — подходить к вопросу; рассматривать проблему; справляться с трудностью

to define a problem — определять проблему

to deflect from one's internal problems — отвлекать внимание от своих внутренних проблем

to discuss a problem — обсуждать проблему

to dodge a problem — уклоняться от решения проблемы

to drag one's feet on a problem — затягивать обсуждение какого-л. вопроса на переговорах

to ease a problem — облегчать / упрощать решение проблемы

to engender a new problem — создавать новую проблему

to exacerbate a problem — обострять проблему

to examine a problem — изучать проблему

to face a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to find a solution to a problem — находить решение проблемы

to get to grips with a problem — браться за решение проблемы / задачи

to get to the bottom of a problem — добираться до сути проблемы

to grapple with a problem — пытаться справиться с проблемой

to handle a problem — решать проблему / задачу

to iron out a problem — урегулировать вопрос / проблему

to meet a problem — разрешать проблему

to overcome a problem — разрешать проблему; преодолевать трудность

to overstate a problem — драматизировать проблему

to play down a problem — преуменьшать значение проблемы

to politicize a problem — придавать проблеме политический характер

to pose a problem — создавать проблему

to promote solution of problems — способствовать решению проблем

to provide a permanent solution to a problem — обеспечивать постоянное решение проблемы

to put problems on the table — открыто излагать проблемы

to put forward a problem — выдвигать / ставить проблему

to reflect the magnitude of the problem — отражать важность проблемы

to resolve a problem — решать задачу / проблему

to respond to agricultural problems — реагировать на трудности в сельском хозяйстве

to run into a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to see eye to eye on a problem — иметь одинаковые взгляды по какому-л. вопросу

to settle a problem — урегулировать проблему

to show sympathetic understanding of a problem — относиться с пониманием к проблеме

to side-step a problem — уходить от решения вопроса

to simplify a problem — упрощать проблему

to solve a problem — решать / разрешать проблему

to sort out problems — разбираться с проблемами

to speak out about a problem — высказываться по проблеме

to suffer economic problems — испытывать экономические затруднения

to sweep problems back under the carpet — откладывать решение проблем

to tackle a problem — решать проблему; бороться за решение вопроса

to thrash out a problem — утрясать проблему

to touch upon a problem — касаться проблемы; затрагивать проблему

to wash one's hands of a problem — умывать руки; прекращать заниматься решением вопроса

to work out a problem — решать задачу

- acute problem
- age-old problem
- agrarian problem
- anticipated problem
- balance-of-payment problem
- basic problem
- border problem
- burning problem
- cardinal problem
- cash-flow problem
- chief problem
- common problem
- competitiveness problem
- complex problem
- complexity of a problem
- complicated problem
- comprehensive consideration of a problem
- conflict problem
- contentious problem
- controversial problem
- critical problem
- crucial problem
- cultural problem
- current problem
- daily problem
- dark problem
- debt problem
- deep problem
- deep-seated problem
- delicate problem
- difficult problem
- diplomatic problem
- disputable problem
- domestic problem
- drug problem
- easy ways out of economic problems
- economic problem
- education problem
- elaboration of economic problems
- employment problem
- endemic problem
- environmental problem
- ethnic problem
- farming problem
- financial liquidity problem
- financial problem
- focal problem
- food problem
- foreign debt problem
- formidable problem
- fuel and energy problem
- global problem
- grave problem
- growing problems
- hair-raising problem
- half-way solution of the problem
- hard core of a problem
- heart of the problem
- heavy problem
- high priority problem
- housing problem
- human problems
- human rights problem
- humanitarian problem
- immediate problem
- important problem
- inability to solve urgent problems
- incipient problems
- industrial problems
- infrastructure problem
- inherited problem
- insuperable problem
- insurmountable problem
- interconnected problems
- interdisciplinary problem
- interlinked problems
- internal problem
- international problem
- interrelated problems
- intractable problem
- intricate problem
- key part of the problem
- key problem
- kindred problem
- labor problems
- labor-shortage problem
- logistical problem
- long-standing problem
- long-term problem
- main problem
- major problem
- mammoth problem
- market problem
- massive problem
- minor problem
- monetary and financial problem
- nationalist problem
- nationality problem
- nation-wide problem
- number one problem
- outstanding problem
- painful problem
- pending problem
- perennial problem
- persistent problem
- personnel problem
- pivotal problem
- political problem
- pollution problem
- present-day problem
- pressing problem
- priority problem
- problem becomes more acute
- problem comes under scrutiny in most papers
- problem facing the country
- problem is compounded by smth
- problem of development
- problem of first priority
- problem of great concern for smb
- problem of instability
- problem of paramount importance
- problems demand the urgent attention of smb
- problems of mutual concern
- problems of peace, security and cooperation
- problems of the elderly
- problems of war and peace
- problems to be sorted out
- problems which face the world today
- range of problems
- regional problem
- related problem
- resolution of a problem
- root problem
- safety problem
- sale problem
- scientific problem
- sensitive problem
- serious problem
- settlement of a problem
- severe problem
- social problem
- socio-economic problem
- sociological problem
- solution of a problem
- solution to a problem
- solvable problem
- specific problem
- spectrum of problems
- stirring problem
- surmountable problem
- technical problem
- territorial problem
- Third World debt problem
- thorny problem
- topical problem
- touchy problem
- trading problem
- traditional problem
- transport problem
- universal problem
- unprecedented problem
- unresolved problem
- unsolved problem
- urgent problem
- vital problem
- world food problems
- world-wide problem

Politics english-russian dictionary > problem
5 problem

['prɔbləm]
n

1) проблема, вопрос, трудность

A new problem appeared/arose. — Возникла новая проблема.

I had the same problem. — У меня была та же проблема.

That's no problem. — Это ничего. /Это не беда. /Это не проблема.

There is no more serious problem than these immature people. — Эти подростки представляют собой самую серьезную проблему.

It's a problem making/to make ends meet. — Трудно сводить концы с концами.

We shelved the problem of where we were going to sleep till bedtime. — Мы отложили вопрос о ночлеге до вечера.

I think we may have a problem here. — Я думаю, что здесь могут возникнуть проблемы/затруднения.

The problem is that she can't cook. — Беда в том, что она не умеет готовить.

- serious problem
- acute problem
- thorny problems
- social problems
- tremendous problem
- not an easy problem
- labour problems
- unemployment problem
- low-range teacher-salary problem
- one's problem
- pressing problem
- more dignified problems
- tangled problem
- problem novel
- problem play
- problem picture
- problem child
- problem of heredity
- problems of common interest
- deeper problems of life
- long-pending problem of repatriation
- inscrutable and awful problems of existance
- problem in sociology
- every problem in this field
- problem before us
- problems for solution
- problems of youth
- problems of accomodition
- paramount problem of the time
- problem pointed out by this scientist
- pressed by problems on all sides
- minor day by day problems
- one's views on the problem
- completely new approach to the problem
- solution to the problem
- weight of problems
- wholly inexperienced in problems of marketing
- weighed down with problems
- address a problem
- discuss a problem
- avoid problems
- cause a problem
- solve a problem
- study the problem
- take on the problem
- think about the problem
- treat this important problem
- wish the problem settled
- work on the problem
- consider the problem solved
- consider the problem from different stand-points
- deal with a problem
- dip into a problem
- encounter problems
- find an answer to the problem
- gnaw at the problem
- go over the problem carefully
- know smth about the problem
- look into a problem
- observe considerable variation of views on the problem
- puzzle one's brain about a problem
- raise a problem
- reflect upon a problem
- run into problems
- run to his mother with every little problem
- see the problem as it is
- see many problems in it
- settle this problem definitely
- problem the country is confronted with
- problems that they evade
2) задача, задание, упражнение, загадка

I'm stuck on this problem. — Я никак не могу решить эту задачу.

The truth of the case remained a problem — что было на самом деле осталось загадкой.

What happened to them remained a problem. — Что произошло с ними до сих пор не ясно

- chess problem
- geometrical problem
- problems of history
- problem to smb
- simple problems in addition and substraction
- correct representation of the problem
- answer a problem
- work out a problem
- attack a problem
- do problems in algebra
- explain the problem to smb
- set problems in an examination
- set the boys a difficult problem
- sit over the problem
- solve complex problems

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > problem
6 problem

n

1) проблема; вопрос

2) проблема, затруднение

3) задача

- allocation problem
- anticipated problems
- apparent problems
- assignment problem
- bottleneck problem
- budgetary problems
- cardinal problem
- classical transportation problem
- competition problem
- congestion problem
- cost minimizing problem
- current problem
- debt servicing problem
- decision problem
- development problems
- distribution problem
- econometric problem
- economic problem
- environmental problem
- estimation problem
- exchange control problem
- existing problem
- farm problems
- feasible problem
- financial problem
- financing problem
- fundamental problem
- global problem
- great problem
- housing problem
- immediate problem
- internal problem
- intractable problem
- inventory problem
- key problem
- long-standing problem
- major problem
- management problem
- marketing problem
- maximization problem
- minimization problem
- minor problem
- monetary and financial problem
- mutual problems
- optimization problem
- optimum problem
- original problem
- outstanding problem
- present-day problems
- pressing problem
- prevailing problem
- pricing problem
- production problem
- production control problem
- production setting problem
- product-mix problem
- programming problem
- replacement problem
- scheduling problem
- serious problem
- service problems
- servicing problems
- statistical problem
- stock-holding problem
- take-over problems
- technical problem
- transportation problem
- unforeseen problem
- unresolved problem
- unsettled problem
- unsolved problem
- urgent problem
- problems of common interest
- problem of pollution
- address problems
- alleviate a problem
- anticipate a problem
- assess a problem
- avoid problems
- bring up a problem
- cause a problem
- consider a problem
- cope with problems
- correct a problem
- create a problem
- deal with a problem
- eliminate a problem
- encounter a problem
- examine a problem
- experience a problem
- face a problem
- finalize a problem
- find a problem
- fix the problem
- foresee a problem
- get a problem off the ground
- give a problem
- handle a problem
- have a problem
- investigate a problem
- meet with a problem
- open a problem
- outline a problem
- overcome a problem
- prevent a problem
- put forward a problem
- raise a problem
- resolve a problem
- run into a problem
- simplify a problem
- solve a problem
- tackle a problem

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > problem
7 eye

1. noun
1) (the part of the body with which one sees: Open your eyes; She has blue eyes.) ojo

2) (anything like or suggesting an eye, eg the hole in a needle, the loop or ring into which a hook connects etc.) ojo; agujero

3) (a talent for noticing and judging a particular type of thing: She has an eye for detail/colour/beauty.) buen ojo

2. verb
(to look at, observe: The boys were eyeing the girls at the dance; The thief eyed the policeman warily.) mirar, observar

- eyeball
- eyebrow
- eye-catching
- eyelash
- eyelet
- eyelid
- eye-opener
- eye-piece
- eyeshadow
- eyesight
- eyesore
- eye-witness
- before/under one's very eyes
- be up to the eyes in
- close one's eyes to
- in the eyes of
- keep an eye on
- lay/set eyes on
- raise one's eyebrows
- see eye to eye
- with an eye to something
- with one's eyes open

eye n ojo

he's got blue eyes tiene los ojos azules

to keep an eye on vigilar / echar un ojo

can you keep an eye on my suitcase? ¿me puedes vigilar la maleta?

to see eye to eye opinar igual / estar de acuerdo

we see eye to eye on everything siempre opinamos igual

eye

tr[aɪ]

noun

1 SMALLANATOMY/SMALL ojo

■ open your eyes abre los ojos

2 (sense) vista

3 (of needle, potato, storm) ojo

transitive verb

1 (observe) mirar, observar; (look at longingly) echar el ojo a

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

all eyes were on... todas las miradas estaban puestas en...

an eye for an eye ojo por ojo

as far as the eye can see hasta donde alcanza la vista

before somebody's very eyes delante de los propios ojos de alguien

eyes right/left/front vista a la derecha/izquierda/al frente

for somebody's eyes only sólo para los ojos de alguien

if you had half an eye si tuvieras dos dedos de frente

in the eyes of the law según la Ley

in the eyes of somebody / in somebody's eyes a ojos de alguien, para alguien

my eye! ¡y un pepino!

not to be able to believe one's eyes no poder dar crédito a sus ojos, no poder creer lo que uno está viendo

not to take one's eyes off something/somebody no quitar la vista de encima de algo/a alguien, no perder de vista algo/a alguien

somebody's eyes are bigger than their stomach comer con los ojos

to be all eyes ser todo,-a ojos

to be one in the eye for somebody suponer un chasco para alguien

to be unable to look somebody in the eye no poder mirar a alguien a la cara

to be unable to take one's eyes off somebody/something no poder quitar la vista de encima de alguien/algo

to be up to one's eyes in something estar hasta el cuello de algo

to cast one's eyes over something / run one's eyes over something ojear algo, echar una ojeada a algo

to catch somebody's eye llamar la atención de alguien

to clap/lay/set eyes on somebody/something ver a alguien/algo, poner los ojos en alguien/algo

to close one's eyes to something hacer la vista gorda a algo

to eye somebody up and down comerse a alguien con los ojos

to give somebody the eye lanzar miraditas a alguien

to have an eye for something tener buen ojo para algo

to have eyes in the back of one's head darse cuenta de todo, tener cien ojos

to have one's eye on (watch) observar, vigilar

■ I've got my eye on you te estoy vigilando 2 figurative use echar el ojo

■ I've had my eye on that house for some time hace tiempo que le tengo el ojo echado a esa casa

to keep an eye on (watch) vigilar 2 (not let out of sight) no perder de vista

to keep an eye open/out for somebody/something mantener los ojos bien abiertos por si se ve a alguien/algo

to keep one's eyes peeled estar ojo avizor

to look somebody in the eye mirar a alguien a los ojos

to make eyes at somebody / make sheep's eyes at somebody dirigir miraditas a alguien

to only have eyes for somebody / have eyes only for somebody sólo tener ojos para alguien

to open somebody's eyes abrirle los ojos a alguien

to see eye to eye with somebody estar de acuerdo con alguien

to turn a blind eye to something hacer la vista gorda a algo

with an eye to doing something con la intención de hacer algo, con miras a hacer algo

with one's eyes open con los ojos abiertos

with one's eyes shut con los ojos cerrados

with the naked eye a simple vista

eye contact contacto ocular

eye shadow sombra de ojos

eye socket cuenca del ojo, órbita

eye ['aɪ] vt, eyed ; eyeing or eying : mirar, observar

eye n

1) : ojo m

2) vision: visión f, vista f, ojo m

a good eye for bargains: un buen ojo para las gangas

3) glance: mirada f, ojeada f

4) attention: atención f

to catch one's eye: llamar la atención

5) point of view: punto m de vista

in the eyes of the law: según la ley

6) : ojo m (de una aguja, una papa, una tormenta)

eye

n.

• hondón s.m.

• ojo s.m.

• yema s.f.

v.

• mirar detenidamente v.

• ojear v.

I aɪ
noun

1)

a) ( Anat) ojo m

he has blue eyes — tiene los ojos azules

to have sharp eyes — tener* (una) vista de lince, tener* ojo de águila

as far as the eye can/could see — hasta donde alcanza/alcanzaba la vista

in the twinkling of an eye — en un abrir y cerrar de ojos

I can't believe my eyes — si no lo veo, no lo creo, no doy crédito a mis ojos

to be all eyes — mirar lleno de curiosidad

to close o shut one's eyes to something — cerrar* los ojos a algo

to cry one's eyes out — llorar a lágrima viva or a mares

I went into it with my eyes wide open — me metí sabiendo muy bien lo que hacía

to have eyes in the back of one's head — tener* ojos en la nuca

to keep one's eyes open — (to avoid danger, problems) andarse* or ir* con cuidado; ( looking for something)

keep your eyes open for a restaurant — vete mirando or fíjate bien a ver si ves un restaurante

to keep one's eyes peeled o skinned — (colloq) (to avoid danger, problems) andarse* or ir* con mucho ojo (fam); ( looking for something) estar(se)* ojo avizor (fam)

to make eyes at somebody — hacerle* ojitos a alguien

to open somebody's eyes — abrirle* los ojos a alguien

to open somebody's eyes to something — hacerle* ver algo a alguien

to see eye to eye with somebody — (usu with neg) estar* de acuerdo con alguien, coincidir con alguien

with one's eyes shut o closed — con los ojos cerrados

to be up to one's eyes in something — estar* hasta aquí de algo (fam)

I'm up to my eyes in work — estoy agobiada or (fam) hasta aquí de trabajo

we're up to our eyes in debt — estamos cargados de deudas, debemos hasta la camisa (fam); (before n)

eye contact: to make/avoid eye contact with somebody mirar/evitar mirar a alguien a los ojos; at eye level — a la altura de la vista

b) (look, gaze) mirada f

under the watchful eye(s) of the teacher — bajo la atenta mirada del profesor

to cast o run one's eye over something — recorrer algo con la vista

before my very eyes — ante mis propios ojos

nothing caught my eye in the store — no vi nada que me llamara la atención en la tienda

I tried to catch his eye — intenté llamar su atención

these colors really catch the eye — estos colores son verdaderamente llamativos

to have one's eyes on somebody/something — no quitarle los ojos de encima a alguien/algo

in Mary's eyes he's perfect — para Mary or a ojos de Mary es perfecto

in the eyes of the Law — ante la ley

to keep one's eye(s) on something/somebody: keep your eyes on the road! no apartes la vista de la carretera!; keep your eyes on him no lo pierdas de vista; to look somebody straight in the eye mirar a alguien directamente a los ojos; she won't look me in the eye no se atreve a mirarme a la cara; he couldn't take his eyes off her no podía quitarle los ojos de encima; easy on the eye (colloq) agradable a la vista; to keep an eye on something/somebody vigilar or cuidar algo/a alguien; keep an eye on those two no pierdas de vista a esos dos, vigila a esos dos; to lay o set o (colloq) clap eyes on somebody/something: from the moment I laid o set o (colloq) clapped eyes on him/it desde el primer momento que lo vi; to turn a blind eye (to something) — hacer* la vista gorda (frente a or ante algo)

c) ( attention)

the eyes of the world will be on her — todo el mundo tendrá la vista puesta en ella

the company has been in the public eye a lot recently — últimamente se ha hablado mucho de la compañía

to have one's eye on something — echarle el ojo a algo (fam)

with an eye to something — con miras a algo

d) ( ability to judge) ojo m

to have an eye for design — tener* ojo or idea para el diseño

to have an eye for detail — ser* detallista

2)

a) ( of needle) ojo m

b) (of hurricane, storm) ojo m

c) ( in potato) ojo m

II

transitive verb (pres p eying or BrE eyeing)

a) ( observe) mirar, observar

to eye somebody up and down — mirar a alguien de arriba abajo

to eye something suspiciously — observar algo con sospecha

b) ( ogle) mirar, pasarle revista a (fam)

[aɪ]
1. N

1) (gen) ojo m

to have good eyes — tener buena vista

to rub one's eyes — restregarse los ojos

• I couldn't believe my (own) eyes — no daba crédito a lo que veían mis ojos

• black eye — ojo m morado or amoratado

I gave him a black eye — le puse un ojo morado

she had a black eye — tenía or llevaba un ojo morado

• to catch sb's eye — llamar la atención de algn

he accidentally caught her eye and looked away — su mirada se cruzó por casualidad con la de ella y apartó la vista

• it was the biggest one I'd ever clapped eyes on — era el más grande que jamás me había echado a la cara

• to cry one's eyes out — llorar a moco tendido or a lágrima viva

• there wasn't a dry eye in the house — no había ojos sin lágrimas en todo el teatro

• to have an eye or a keen eye for a bargain — tener mucha vista or buen ojo para las gangas

we need someone with an eye for detail — nos hace falta alguien que sea meticuloso

• he's got his eye on you — (=monitoring) no te quita ojo, no te pierde de vista; (=attracted to) te tiene echado el ojo

I've got my eye on that sofa in the sale — le tengo echado el ojo a ese sofá que vimos en las rebajas

• she had eyes only for me — solo tenía ojos para mí, no tenía ojos más que para mí

• it hits you in the eye — salta a la vista

• in the eyes of — a los ojos de

in the eyes of the law — a los ojos de la ley

• to keep an eye on sth/sb — (=watch) vigilar algo/a algn, echar una mirada a algo/algn; (=look after) cuidar algo/a algn

keep your eyes on the road! — ¡no quites los ojos de la carretera!

I'm keeping an eye on things while the boss is away — yo estoy al cargo del negocio mientras el jefe está fuera

• at eye level — a la altura de los ojos

• to look sb (straight) in the eye — mirar a algn (directamente) a los ojos

• with the naked eye — a simple vista

• he couldn't keep his eyes off the girl — se le fueron los ojos tras la chica

• to keep an eye out or one's eyes open for sth/sb — estar pendiente de algo/algn

keep an eye out for the postman — estáte atento or pendiente a ver si ves al cartero

keep an eye out for snakes — cuidado por si hay culebras

keep your eyes open for bag-snatchers! — ¡mucho ojo, no te vayan a dar el tirón!

I haven't seen any recently but I'll keep my eyes open — últimamente no he visto ninguno pero estaré al tanto

• I could hardly keep my eyes open — se me cerraban los ojos

• I saw it with my own eyes — lo vi con mis propios ojos

• to be in the public eye — estar a la luz pública

• eyes right/left/front! — ¡vista a la derecha/izquierda/al frente!

• to run one's eye over sth — (from curiosity) recorrer algo con la vista; (checking) echar un vistazo a algo

• as far as the eye can see — hasta donde alcanza la vista

• it's five years since I last set or laid eyes on him — hace cinco años que no lo veo

• the sun is in my eyes — me da el sol en los ojos

• he didn't take his eyes off her for one second — no le quitó los ojos de encima ni por un segundo

• with an eye to sth/to doing sth — con vistas or miras a algo/a hacer algo

with an eye to the future — cara al futuro

• use your eyes! * — ¡abre los ojos!

• it happened before my very eyes — ocurrió delante de mis propios ojos

the grass grows before your very eyes — crece la hierba a ojos vistas

• under the watchful eye of — bajo la atenta mirada de

• to look at sth with or through the eyes of an expert — ver algo con ojos de experto

- he was all eyes

- have eyes in the back of one's head

he must have eyes in the back of his head! — ¡no se le escapa una!

I haven't got eyes in the back of my head — iro ¿te crees que tengo ojos en la nuca o qué?

- give sb the glad eye

- there's more to this than meets the eye

- the decision was one in the eye for the president

- open sb's eyes to sth

- keep one's eyes peeled

- do sth with one's eyes

- make sheep's eyes at sb

- shut one's eyes to

- I don't see eye to eye with him

- in the twinkling of an eye

- be up to one's eyes

- an eye for an eye
blind 1., feast 2., mind 1., 1), sight
2) [of potato] yema f

3) [of storm] ojo m

4) (Sew) [of needle] ojo m; [of hook and eye] hembra f de corchete

2.

VT mirar detenidamente, observar

she eyed him sullenly/with suspicion — lo miró detenidamente con gesto hosco/con recelo

she eyed the package curiously — observó (detenidamente) el paquete con curiosidad

I didn't like the way they eyed me up and down — no me gustaba la forma que tenían de mirarme de arriba abajo

an expensive leather jacket I had been eyeing for some time — una cazadora de cuero muy cara a la que hacía tiempo (que) le había echado el ojo

3.

CPD

eye candy * N — regalo m para la vista

eye clinic N — clínica f oftalmológica

eye colour N — color m de los ojos

eye contact N — contacto m ocular

eye cream N — crema f para los ojos

eye doctor N — (US) oculista mf

eye dropper N — cuentagotas m inv

eye drops NPL — gotas fpl para los ojos

eye examination N — examen m de la vista

eye patch N — parche m

eye pencil N — lápiz m de ojos

eye shadow N — sombra f de ojos

eye socket N — cuenca f del ojo

eye test N — test m visual or de visión

- eye up

* * *

I [aɪ]
noun

1)

a) ( Anat) ojo m

he has blue eyes — tiene los ojos azules

to have sharp eyes — tener* (una) vista de lince, tener* ojo de águila

as far as the eye can/could see — hasta donde alcanza/alcanzaba la vista

in the twinkling of an eye — en un abrir y cerrar de ojos

I can't believe my eyes — si no lo veo, no lo creo, no doy crédito a mis ojos

to be all eyes — mirar lleno de curiosidad

to close o shut one's eyes to something — cerrar* los ojos a algo

to cry one's eyes out — llorar a lágrima viva or a mares

I went into it with my eyes wide open — me metí sabiendo muy bien lo que hacía

to have eyes in the back of one's head — tener* ojos en la nuca

to keep one's eyes open — (to avoid danger, problems) andarse* or ir* con cuidado; ( looking for something)

keep your eyes open for a restaurant — vete mirando or fíjate bien a ver si ves un restaurante

to keep one's eyes peeled o skinned — (colloq) (to avoid danger, problems) andarse* or ir* con mucho ojo (fam); ( looking for something) estar(se)* ojo avizor (fam)

to make eyes at somebody — hacerle* ojitos a alguien

to open somebody's eyes — abrirle* los ojos a alguien

to open somebody's eyes to something — hacerle* ver algo a alguien

to see eye to eye with somebody — (usu with neg) estar* de acuerdo con alguien, coincidir con alguien

with one's eyes shut o closed — con los ojos cerrados

to be up to one's eyes in something — estar* hasta aquí de algo (fam)

I'm up to my eyes in work — estoy agobiada or (fam) hasta aquí de trabajo

we're up to our eyes in debt — estamos cargados de deudas, debemos hasta la camisa (fam); (before n)

eye contact: to make/avoid eye contact with somebody mirar/evitar mirar a alguien a los ojos; at eye level — a la altura de la vista

b) (look, gaze) mirada f

under the watchful eye(s) of the teacher — bajo la atenta mirada del profesor

to cast o run one's eye over something — recorrer algo con la vista

before my very eyes — ante mis propios ojos

nothing caught my eye in the store — no vi nada que me llamara la atención en la tienda

I tried to catch his eye — intenté llamar su atención

these colors really catch the eye — estos colores son verdaderamente llamativos

to have one's eyes on somebody/something — no quitarle los ojos de encima a alguien/algo

in Mary's eyes he's perfect — para Mary or a ojos de Mary es perfecto

in the eyes of the Law — ante la ley

to keep one's eye(s) on something/somebody: keep your eyes on the road! no apartes la vista de la carretera!; keep your eyes on him no lo pierdas de vista; to look somebody straight in the eye mirar a alguien directamente a los ojos; she won't look me in the eye no se atreve a mirarme a la cara; he couldn't take his eyes off her no podía quitarle los ojos de encima; easy on the eye (colloq) agradable a la vista; to keep an eye on something/somebody vigilar or cuidar algo/a alguien; keep an eye on those two no pierdas de vista a esos dos, vigila a esos dos; to lay o set o (colloq) clap eyes on somebody/something: from the moment I laid o set o (colloq) clapped eyes on him/it desde el primer momento que lo vi; to turn a blind eye (to something) — hacer* la vista gorda (frente a or ante algo)

c) ( attention)

the eyes of the world will be on her — todo el mundo tendrá la vista puesta en ella

the company has been in the public eye a lot recently — últimamente se ha hablado mucho de la compañía

to have one's eye on something — echarle el ojo a algo (fam)

with an eye to something — con miras a algo

d) ( ability to judge) ojo m

to have an eye for design — tener* ojo or idea para el diseño

to have an eye for detail — ser* detallista

2)

a) ( of needle) ojo m

b) (of hurricane, storm) ojo m

c) ( in potato) ojo m

II

transitive verb (pres p eying or BrE eyeing)

a) ( observe) mirar, observar

to eye somebody up and down — mirar a alguien de arriba abajo

to eye something suspiciously — observar algo con sospecha

b) ( ogle) mirar, pasarle revista a (fam)

English-spanish dictionary > eye
8 plague

pleiɡ
1. noun
1) (especially formerly, an extremely infectious and deadly disease, especially one carried by fleas from rats.) peste

2) (a large and annoying quantity: a plague of flies.) plaga

2. verb
(to annoy or pester continually or frequently: The child was plaguing her with questions.) acosar, atormentar, fastidiar

plague n plaga

plague

tr[pleɪg]

noun

1 (of insects etc) plaga

2 SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL peste nombre femenino

transitive verb

1 (pester) acosar, asediar

■ they plagued her with questions la acosaron a preguntas

2 (afflict) afligir, asolar, plagar, atormentar

■ a scheme plagued by problems un proyecto plagado de problemas

■ she was plagued by doubts estaba atormentada por las dudas

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to avoid somebody like the plague huir de alguien como de la peste

plague ['pleɪg] vt, plagued ; plaguing

1) afflict: plagar, afligir

2) harass: acosar, atormentar

plague n

1) : plaga f (de insectos, etc.)

2) : peste f (en medicina)

plague

n.

• peste s.f.

• plaga s.f.

v.

• atufar v.

• hostigar v.

• infestar v.

• plagar v.

I pleɪg
noun

a) u c ( disease) peste f

to avoid somebody like the plague — huirle* a alguien como a la peste

I avoid Saturday shopping like the plague — ni loco voy de compras un sábado (fam)

b) c ( horde) plaga f

a plague of locusts/tourists — una plaga de langostas/turistas

II

transitive verb

a) ( afflict)

a country plagued by strikes — un país asolado por constantes huelgas

plagued with problems — plagado de problemas

b) ( pester) acosar, asediar

[pleɪɡ]
1.

N (=disease) peste f ; (fig) plaga f, fastidio m

a plague of rats — una plaga de ratas

the plague — la peste

to avoid sth/sb like the plague — huir de algo/algn como de la peste, evitar algo a toda costa

2.

VT (lit) infestar; (fig) plagar; [+ person] atormentar

the area is plagued with malaria — la zona está infestada de malaria

the thought has been plaguing me — la idea me viene atormentando

the project has been plagued with problems from the beginning — el proyecto se ha visto plagado de problemas desde el comienzo

a country plagued by recession — un país asolado por la recesión

to plague sb with questions — acosar a algn con preguntas

* * *

I [pleɪg]
noun

a) u c ( disease) peste f

to avoid somebody like the plague — huirle* a alguien como a la peste

I avoid Saturday shopping like the plague — ni loco voy de compras un sábado (fam)

b) c ( horde) plaga f

a plague of locusts/tourists — una plaga de langostas/turistas

II

transitive verb

a) ( afflict)

a country plagued by strikes — un país asolado por constantes huelgas

plagued with problems — plagado de problemas

b) ( pester) acosar, asediar

English-spanish dictionary > plague
9 Artificial Intelligence

   1) Programs and the Complexity of Human Mental Processes

   In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Is an Engineering Discipline

   Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)

   3) A Sceptical View of Artificial Intelligence

   Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inﬂated predictions....

   When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)

   4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually

   Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   5) Problems in Machine Intelligence Arise Because Things Obvious to Any Person Are Not Represented in the Program

   Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)

   6) The Meaning of a Symbolic Description

   What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   7) The Principle of Artificial Intelligence

   [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)

   8) Artificial Intelligence Recognizes the Need for Knowledge in Its Systems

   The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)

   9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form

   The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)

    10) There Are Many Types of Reasoning

   There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:

    Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins ﬂy? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can ﬂy, so robins probably can ﬂy."

    Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)

    11) Programs Are Beginning to Do Things That Critics Have Asserted to Be Impossible

   Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)

    12) The Synthesis of Man and Machine

   Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)

    13) The Thesis of Good Old-Fashioned Artificial Intelligence (GOFAI)

   The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)

    14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation

   It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)

    15) Four Kinds of Artificial Intelligence

   We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.

   ♦ Nonpsychological AI

   Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.

   ♦ Weak Psychological AI

   Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.

   ♦ Strong Psychological AI

... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)

   ♦ Suprapsychological AI

   Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)

    16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts

   Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)

    17) Form and Content Are Not Fundamentally Different

   Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System

   Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence

   The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.

   The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)

    20) Mathematical Logic Provides the Basis for Theory in AI

   The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....

   AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)

    21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions

   In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)

    22) Definitions of Artificial Intelligence

   Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)

    23) The Computer Can Not Be a Model of the Mind

   Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)

    24) Computers Will Not Always Be Inferior to Human Brains

   The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence
10 way

way [weɪ]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

2. adverb

3. compounds

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

   a. ( = route) chemin m

• to ask the way demander son chemin (to pour aller à)

• we went the wrong way nous avons pris le mauvais chemin

• a piece of bread went down the wrong way j'ai (or il a etc) avalé de travers

• we met several people on the way nous avons rencontré plusieurs personnes en chemin

• to lose one's way se perdre

• to make one's way towards... se diriger vers...

• he had to make his own way in Hollywood il a dû se faire sa place à Hollywood

► the way to ( = route to)

can you tell me the way to the tourist office? pouvez-vous m'indiquer le chemin du syndicat d'initiative ?

• I know the way to the station je sais comment aller à la gare

• on the way to London we met... en allant à Londres nous avons rencontré...

• it's on the way to the station c'est sur le chemin de la gare► to be on the way ( = to be coming)

he's on his way il arrive

• more snow is on the way d'autres chutes de neige sont prévues

• she's got twins, and another baby on the way (inf) elle a des jumeaux, et un bébé en route (inf)► the/one's way back/down

• on the way back he met... en revenant il a rencontré...

• he made his way back to the car il est retourné vers la voiture

• I met her on the way down je l'ai rencontrée en descendant

• inflation is on the way down l'inflation est en baisse► the way forward

• they held a meeting to discuss the way forward ils ont organisé une réunion pour discuter de la marche à suivre

• is monetary union the way forward? l'union monétaire est-elle la voie du progrès ?► the way in

• I saw her on the way in je l'ai vue à l'entrée► the way out la sortie

• I'll find my own way out ne vous dérangez pas, je trouverai (bien) la sortie

• you'll see it on the way out vous le verrez en sortant

• there's no other way out il n'y a pas d'autre solution

• there is no way out of this difficulty il n'y a pas moyen d'éviter cette difficulté► a way round

• we're trying to find a way round it nous cherchons un moyen d'éviter ce problème

   b. ( = path) their way was blocked by police la police leur barrait le passage

• to push one's way through a crowd se frayer un chemin à travers une foule

• he tried to talk his way out of it il a essayé de s'en sortir avec de belles paroles

► in the/sb's way

• to be in the way (physically) barrer le passage ; (causing problems) gêner

• am I in your way? est-ce que je vous empêche de passer ?

• to put difficulties in sb's way créer des difficultés à qn► out of the/sb's way

• to get out of the way s'écarter

• (get) out of the or my way! laisse-moi passer !

• to keep out of sb's way ( = avoid them) éviter qn

• as soon as I've got the exams out of the way (inf) dès que les examens seront finis

• I'll take you home, it's not out of my way je vous ramènerai, c'est sur mon chemin

• he went out of his way to help us il s'est donné du mal pour nous aider► to make way for

• they made way for the ambulance ils se sont rangés pour laisser passer l'ambulance

• this made way for a return to democracy ceci a ouvert la voie au rétablissement de la démocratie

   c. ( = distance) a little way off pas très loin

• he stood some way off il se tenait à l'écart

• is it far? -- yes, it's a quite a way (inf) c'est loin ? -- oui, il y a un bon bout de chemin (inf)

• to be a long way away être loin

• that's a long way from the truth c'est loin d'être vrai

• is it finished? -- not by a long way! est-ce terminé ? -- loin de là !

• they've come a long way (figurative) ils ont fait du chemin

• we've got a long way to go (long journey) nous avons beaucoup de chemin à faire ; ( = still far from our objective) nous ne sommes pas au bout de nos peines ; ( = not got enough) nous sommes encore loin du compte

• this spice is expensive, but a little goes a long way cette épice est chère mais on n'a pas besoin d'en mettre beaucoup

• it should go a long way towards improving relations between the two countries cela devrait améliorer considérablement les relations entre les deux pays

► all the way ( = the whole distance)

he had to walk all the way (to the hospital) il a dû faire tout le chemin à pied (jusqu'à l'hôpital)

• he talked all the way to the theatre il a parlé pendant tout le chemin jusqu'au théâtre

• I'm with you all the way (inf) ( = entirely agree) je suis entièrement d'accord avec vous

• I'll be with you all the way ( = will back you up) je vous soutiendrai jusqu'au bout

   d. ( = direction) are you going my way? est-ce que vous allez dans la même direction que moi ?

• he went that way il est parti par là

• which way did he go? dans quelle direction est-il parti ?

• which way do we go from here? (which direction) par où allons-nous maintenant ? ; (what shall we do) qu'allons-nous faire maintenant ?

• he looked the other way il a regardé ailleurs

• he ran this way and that il courait dans tous les sens

• there aren't many parks round our way (inf) il n'y a pas beaucoup de parcs par chez nous

• it's out or over Oxford way (inf) c'est du côté d'Oxford

• the loot was split three ways le butin a été divisé en trois

   e. ( = manner) façon f

• this/that way comme ceci/cela

• what an odd way to behave! quelle drôle de façon de se comporter !

• to do sth the right/wrong way bien/mal faire qch

• do it your own way fais comme tu veux

• everyone helped one way or another tout le monde a aidé d'une façon ou d'une autre

• he has his own way of doing things il a une façon bien à lui de faire les choses

• way to go! (inf!) bravo !

• that's just the way he is il est comme ça, c'est tout

• it's just the way things are c'est la vie !

• to get or have one's own way en faire à son idée

• I won't let him have things all his own way je ne vais pas le laisser faire tout ce qu'il veut

• you can't have it both ways il faut choisir

• there are no two ways about it (inf) il n'y a pas à tortiller (inf)

• your jersey is the wrong way out ton pull est à l'envers

• he didn't hit her, it was the other way round ce n'est pas lui qui l'a frappée, c'est le contraire

• "this way up" « haut »

• the right way up dans le bon sens

• the wrong way up à l'envers

► in a big way (inf)

he furthered my career in a big way il a beaucoup contribué à faire progresser ma carrière

• soccer is taking off in the States in a big way le football connaît un véritable essor aux États-Unis► no way! (inf) pas question !

• no way am I doing that (il n'est) pas question que je fasse ça

• I'm not paying, no way! je refuse de payer, un point c'est tout !

• will you come? -- no way! tu viens ? -- pas question !

• there's no way that's champagne! ce n'est pas possible que ce soit du champagne !

   f. ( = method, technique) solution f

• the best way is to put it in the freezer for ten minutes le mieux, c'est de le mettre au congélateur pendant dix minutes

• we'll find a way of doing it nous trouverons bien un moyen de le faire

• that's the way to do it voilà comment il faut faire

• that's the way! (inf) voilà, c'est bien !

► to have a way with

• he has a way with people il sait s'y prendre avec les gens

• he has a way with cars il s'y connaît en voitures

• to have a way with words manier les mots avec bonheur

   g. ( = situation, nature) that's always the way c'est toujours comme ça

• it's the way of the world! ainsi va le monde !

• to be in a bad way (inf) aller mal

   h. ( = habit) to get into/out of the way of doing sth prendre/perdre l'habitude de faire qch

• don't be offended, it's just his way ne vous vexez pas, il est comme ça, c'est tout

• I know his little ways je connais ses petites habitudes

• they didn't like his pretentious ways ils n'aimaient pas ses manières prétentieuses

• to mend one's ways s'amender

   i. ( = respect, particular) in some ways à certains égards

• in more ways than one à plus d'un titre

• he's right in a way il a raison dans un certain sens

• he's in no way to blame ce n'est vraiment pas de sa faute

• "I'm superstitious", she said by way of explanation « je suis superstitieuse », dit-elle en guise d'explication

• what is there in the way of kitchen utensils? qu'est-ce qu'il y a comme ustensiles de cuisine ?

2. adverb

• way down below tout en bas

• way up in the sky très haut dans le ciel

• you're way out in your calculations (inf) tu as fait une grosse erreur dans tes calculs

• it's way too big c'est beaucoup trop grand

• it's way past your bedtime ça fait longtemps que tu devrais être au lit

3. compounds

► way of life noun mode m de vie

• the French way of life le mode de vie des Français

• such shortages are a way of life de telles pénuries font partie de la vie de tous les jours ► way-out (inf) adjective excentrique

► ways and means plural noun moyens mpl ( of doing sth de faire qch)

► way station noun (US) petite gare f ; (figurative = stage) étape f

* * *
[weɪ] 1.
noun

1) (route, road) chemin m ( from de; to à)

to live over the way — (colloq) habiter en face

the quickest way to town — le chemin le plus court pour aller en ville

if we go this way — si nous prenons cette route

to ask the way to — demander le chemin pour aller à

how did that find its way in here? — comment est-ce que c'est arrivé ici?

the way ahead — lit le chemin devant moi/eux etc

the way ahead looks difficult — fig l'avenir s'annonce difficile

there is no way around the problem — il n'y a pas moyen de contourner le problème

on the way back — sur le chemin du retour

on the way back from the meeting — en revenant de la réunion

the way forward — fig la clé de l'avenir

the way in — l'entrée (to de)

‘way in’ — ‘entrée’

the way out — la sortie (of de)

the quickest way out is through here — c'est par ici que l'on sort le plus vite

there's no way out — fig il n'y a pas d'échappatoire

a way out of our difficulties — un moyen de nous sortir de nos difficultés

the way up — la montée

on the way — en route

we're on the way to Mary's — nous allons chez Mary

on the way past — en passant

I'm on my way — j'arrive

on your way through town — en traversant la ville

his house is on your way to town — tu passes devant chez lui en allant au centre-ville

I must be on my way — il faut que je parte

to go on one's way — se remettre en route

to send somebody on his way — ( tell to go away) envoyer promener quelqu'un (colloq)

to be well on the ou one's way to doing — être bien parti pour faire

to be on the way out — fig passer de mode

she's got four kids and another one on the way — (colloq) elle a quatre gosses et un autre en route (colloq)

to be out of somebody's way — ne pas être sur le chemin de quelqu'un

don't go out of your way to do — ne t'embête pas à faire

to go out of one's way to make somebody feel uncomfortable — tout faire pour que quelqu'un se sente mal à l'aise

out of the way — ( isolated) isolé; ( unusual) extraordinaire

along the way — lit en chemin; fig en cours de route

by way of — ( via) en passant par

to go the way of somebody/something — finir comme quelqu'un/quelque chose

to make one's way towards — se diriger vers

to make one's way along — avancer le long de

to make one's own way there — se débrouiller seul pour y arriver

to lie one's way out of trouble — se sortir d'affaire en mentant

2) ( direction) direction f, sens m

which way did he go? — dans quelle direction est-il parti?

he went that way — il est parti par là

come ou step this way — suivez-moi, venez par ici

‘this way for the zoo’ — ‘vers le zoo’

‘this way up’ — ‘haut’

to look this way and that — regarder dans toutes les directions

to look the other way — ( to see) regarder de l'autre côté; ( to avoid unpleasant thing) détourner les yeux; fig ( to ignore) fermer les yeux

to go every which way — partir dans tous les sens

the other way up — dans l'autre sens

the right way up — dans le bon sens

the wrong way up — à l'envers

to turn something the other way around — retourner quelque chose

I didn't ask her, it was the other way around — ce n'est pas moi qui lui ai demandé, c'est l'inverse

the wrong/right way around — dans le mauvais/bon sens

you're Ben and you're Tom, is that the right way around? — tu es Ben, et toi tu es Tom, c'est bien ça?

if you're ever down our way — si jamais tu passes près de chez nous

she's coming our way — elle vient vers nous

an opportunity came my way — une occasion s'est présentée

to put something somebody's way — (colloq) filer quelque chose à quelqu'un (colloq)

everything's going my way — tout me sourit

3) (space in front, projected route) passage m

to be in somebody's way — empêcher quelqu'un de passer

to be in the way — gêner le passage

she won't let anything get in the way of her ambition — elle ne laissera rien entraver son ambition

to get out of the way — s'écarter (du chemin)

to get out of somebody's way — laisser passer quelqu'un

put that somewhere out of the way — mets ça quelque part où ça ne gêne pas

out of my way! — pousse-toi!

get him out of the way before the boss gets here! — fais-le disparaître d'ici avant que le patron arrive!

once the election is out of the way — une fois les élections passées

to keep out of the way — rester à l'écart

to keep out of somebody's way — éviter quelqu'un

to keep somebody out of somebody's way — ( to avoid annoyance) tenir quelqu'un à l'écart de quelqu'un

to keep something out of somebody's way — (to avoid injury, harm) garder quelque chose hors de portée de quelqu'un

to make way — s'écarter

to make way for somebody/something — faire place à quelqu'un/quelque chose

4) ( distance) distance f

it's a long way — c'est loin (to jusqu'à)

to be a short way off — lit être près

my birthday is still some way off — mon anniversaire est encore loin

we still have some way to go before doing — lit, fig nous avons encore du chemin à faire avant de faire

to go all the way to China — faire tout le voyage jusqu'en Chine

I'm with you ou behind you all the way — je suis de tout cœur avec toi

5) ( manner) façon f, manière f

do it this/that way — fais-le comme ceci/cela

let me explain it another way — laisse-moi t'expliquer autrement

to do something the French way — faire quelque chose comme les Français

to do something the right/wrong way — faire bien/mal quelque chose

you're going about it the wrong way — tu t'y prends très mal

try to see it my way — mets-toi à ma place

in his/her/its own way — à sa façon

to have a way with something — s'y connaître en quelque chose

to have a way with children — savoir s'y prendre avec les enfants

she certainly has a way with her — (colloq) GB elle sait décidément s'y prendre avec les gens

a way of doing — ( method) une façon or manière de faire; ( means) un moyen de faire

to my way of thinking — à mon avis

that's the way to do it! — voilà comment il faut s'y prendre!

that's the way! — voilà, c'est bien!

what a way to run a company! — en voilà une façon de gérer une entreprise!

I like the way he dresses — j'aime la façon dont il s'habille

whichever way you look at it — de quelque façon que tu envisages les choses

either way, she's wrong — de toute façon, elle a tort

one way or another — d'une façon ou d'une autre

one way and another it's been rather eventful — tout compte fait ça a été assez mouvementé

I don't care one way or the other — ça m'est égal

no two ways about it — cela ne fait aucun doute

you can't have it both ways — on ne peut pas avoir le beurre et l'argent du beurre

no way! — (colloq) pas question! (colloq)

6) (respect, aspect) sens m

in a way it's sad — en un sens c'est triste

in a way that's true — dans une certaine mesure c'est vrai

can I help in any way? — puis-je faire quoi que ce soit?

in every way possible — dans la mesure du possible

in many ways — à bien des égards

in some ways — à certains égards

in no way, not in any way — aucunement

this is in no way a criticism — cela n'est en aucune façon une critique

not much in the way of news — il n'y a pas beaucoup de nouvelles

what have you got in the way of drinks? — qu'est-ce que vous avez comme boissons?

by way of light relief — en guise de divertissement

7) (custom, manner) coutume f, manière f

that's the modern way — c'est la coutume d'aujourd'hui

I know all her little ways — je connais toutes ses petites habitudes

that's just his way — il est comme ça

it's the way of the world — c'est la vie

8) (will, desire)

to get one's way —

to have one's own way — faire à son idée

she likes (to have) her own way — elle aime n'en faire qu'à sa tête

if I had my way... — si cela ne tenait qu'à moi...

have it your (own) way — comme tu voudras
2.
adverb

we went way over budget — le budget a été largement dépassé

to be way out — (in guess, estimate) être loin du compte

to go way beyond what is necessary — aller bien au-delà de ce qui est nécessaire

that's way out of order — je trouve ça un peu fort
3.
by the way adverbial phrase en passant

by the way,... — à propos,...

what time is it, by the way? — quelle heure est-il, au fait?

but that's just by the way — mais ce n'est qu'une parenthèse

English-French dictionary > way
11 remote maintenance
1. дистанционное техническое обслуживание
дистанционное техническое обслуживание
Техническое обслуживание объекта, проводимое под управлением персонала без его непосредственного присутствия.
[ОСТ 45.152-99 ]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент
Service from afar
Дистанционный сервис

ABB’s Remote Service concept is revolutionizing the robotics industry

Разработанная АББ концепция дистанционного обслуживания Remote Service революционизирует робототехнику

ABB robots are found in industrial applications everywhere – lifting, packing, grinding and welding, to name a few. Robust and tireless, they work around the clock and are critical to a company’s productivity. Thus, keeping these robots in top shape is essential – any failure can lead to serious output consequences. But what happens when a robot malfunctions?

Роботы АББ используются во всех отраслях промышленности для перемещения грузов, упаковки, шлифовки, сварки – всего и не перечислить. Надежные и неутомимые работники, способные трудиться день и ночь, они представляют большую ценность для владельца. Поэтому очень важно поддерживать их в надлежащей состоянии, ведь любой отказ может иметь серьезные последствия. Но что делать, если робот все-таки сломался?

ABB’s new Remote Service concept holds the answer: This approach enables a malfunctioning robot to alarm for help itself. An ABB service engineer then receives whole diagnostic information via wireless technology, analyzes the data on a Web site and responds with support in just minutes. This unique service is paying off for customers and ABB alike, and in the process is revolutionizing service thinking.

Ответом на этот вопрос стала новая концепция Remote Service от АББ, согласно которой неисправный робот сам просит о помощи. C помощью беспроводной технологии специалист сервисной службы АББ получает всю необходимую диагностическую информацию, анализирует данные на web-сайте и через считанные минуты выдает рекомендации по устранению отказа. Эта уникальная возможность одинаково ценна как для заказчиков, так и для самой компании АББ. В перспективе она способна в корне изменить весь подход к организации технического обслуживания.

Every minute of production downtime can have financially disastrous consequences for a company. Traditional reactive service is no longer sufficient since on-site service engineer visits also demand great amounts of time and money. Thus, companies not only require faster help from the service organization when needed but they also want to avoid disturbances in production.

Каждая минута простоя производства может привести к губительным финансовым последствиям. Традиционная организация сервиса, предусматривающая ликвидацию возникающих неисправностей, становится все менее эффективной, поскольку вызов сервисного инженера на место эксплуатации робота сопряжен с большими затратами времени и денег. Предприятия требуют от сервисной организации не только более быстрого оказания помощи, но и предотвращения возможных сбоев производства.

In 2006, ABB developed a new approach to better meet customer’s expectations: Using the latest technologies to reach the robots at customer sites around the world, ABB could support them remotely in just minutes, thereby reducing the need for site visits. Thus the new Remote Service concept was quickly brought to fruition and was launched in mid-2007. Statistics show that by using the system the majority of production stoppages can be avoided.

В 2006 г. компания АББ разработала новый подход к удовлетворению ожиданий своих заказчиков. Использование современных технологий позволяет специалистам АББ получать информацию от роботов из любой точки мира и в считанные минуты оказывать помощь дистанционно, в результате чего сокращается количество выездов на место установки. Запущенная в середине 2007 г. концепция Remote Service быстро себя оправдала. Статистика показывает, что её применение позволило предотвратить большое число остановок производства.

Reactive maintenance The hardware that makes ABB Remote Service possible consists of a communication unit, which has a function similar to that of an airplane’s so-called black box 1. This “service box” is connected to the robot’s control system and can read and transmit diagnostic information. The unit not only reads critical diagnostic information that enables immediate support in the event of a failure, but also makes it possible to monitor and analyze the robot’s condition, thereby proactively detecting the need for maintenance.

Устранение возникающих неисправностей Аппаратное устройство, с помощью которого реализуется концепция Remote Service, представляет собой коммуникационный блок, работающий аналогично черному ящику самолета (рис. 1). Этот блок считывает диагностические данные из контроллера робота и передает их по каналу GSM. Считывается не только информация, необходимая для оказания немедленной помощи в случае отказа, но и сведения, позволяющие контролировать и анализировать состояние робота для прогнозирования неисправностей и планирования технического обслуживания.

If the robot breaks down, the service box immediately stores the status of the robot, its historical data (as log files), and diagnostic parameters such as temperature and power supply. Equipped with a built-in modem and using the GSM network, the box transmits the data to a central server for analysis and presentation on a dedicated Web site. Alerts are automatically sent to the nearest of ABB’s 1,200 robot service engineers who then accesses the detailed data and error log to analyze the problem.

При поломке робота сервисный блок немедленно сохраняет данные о его состоянии, сведения из рабочего журнала, а также значения диагностических параметров (температура и характеристики питания). Эти данные передаются встроенным GSM-модемом на центральный сервер для анализа и представления на соответствующем web-сайте. Аварийные сообщения автоматически пересылаются ближайшему к месту аварии одному из 1200 сервисных инженеров-робототехников АББ, который получает доступ к детальной информации и журналу аварий для анализа возникшей проблемы.

A remotely based ABB engineer can then quickly identify the exact fault, offering rapid customer support. For problems that cannot be solved remotely, the service engineer can arrange for quick delivery of spare parts and visit the site to repair the robot. Even if the engineer must make a site visit, service is faster, more efficient and performed to a higher standard than otherwise possible.

Специалист АББ может дистанционно идентифицировать отказ и оказать быструю помощь заказчику. Если неисправность не может быть устранена дистанционно, сервисный инженер организовывает доставку запасных частей и выезд ремонтной бригады. Даже если необходимо разрешение проблемы на месте, предшествующая дистанционная диагностика позволяет минимизировать объем работ и сократить время простоя.

Remote Service enables engineers to “talk” to robots remotely and to utilize tools that enable smart, fast and automatic analysis. The system is based on a machine-to-machine (M2M) concept, which works automatically, requiring human input only for analysis and personalized customer recommendations. ABB was recognized for this innovative solution at the M2M United Conference in Chicago in 2008 Factbox.

Remote Service позволяет инженерам «разговаривать» с роботами на расстоянии и предоставляет в их распоряжение интеллектуальные средства быстрого автоматизированного анализа. Система основана на основе технологии автоматической связи машины с машиной (M2M), где участие человека сводится к анализу данных и выдаче рекомендаций клиенту. В 2008 г. это инновационное решение от АББ получило приз на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго (см. вставку).

Proactive maintenance
Remote Service also allows ABB engineers to monitor and detect potential problems in the robot system and opens up new possibilities for proactive maintenance.

Прогнозирование неисправностей
Remote Service позволяет инженерам АББ дистанционно контролировать состояние роботов и прогнозировать возможные неисправности, что открывает новые возможности по организации профилактического обслуживания.

The service box regularly takes condition measurements. By monitoring key parameters over time, Remote Service can identify potential failures and when necessary notify both the end customer and the appropriate ABB engineer. The management and storage of full system backups is a very powerful service to help recover from critical situations caused, for example, by operator errors.

Сервисный блок регулярно выполняет диагностические измерения. Непрерывно контролируя ключевые параметры, Remote Service может распознать потенциальные опасности и, при необходимости, оповещать владельца оборудования и соответствующего специалиста АББ. Резервирование данных для возможного отката является мощным средством, обеспечивающим восстановление системы в критических ситуациях, например, после ошибки оператора.

The first Remote Service installation took place in the automotive industry in the United States and quickly proved its value. The motherboard in a robot cabinet overheated and the rise in temperature triggered an alarm via Remote Service. Because of the alarm, engineers were able to replace a faulty fan, preventing a costly production shutdown.

Первая система Remote Service была установлена на автозаводе в США и очень скоро была оценена по достоинству. Она обнаружила перегрев материнской платы в шкафу управления роботом и передала сигнал о превышении допустимой температуры, благодаря чему инженеры смогли заменить неисправный вентилятор и предотвратить дорогостоящую остановку производства.

MyRobot: 24-hour remote access

Having regular access to a robot’s condition data is also essential to achieving lean production. At any time, from any location, customers can verify their robots’ status and access maintenance information and performance reports simply by logging in to ABB’s MyRobot Web site. The service enables customers to easily compare performances, identify bottlenecks or developing issues, and initiate the most

Сайт MyRobot: круглосуточный дистанционный доступ
Для того чтобы обеспечить бесперебойное производство, необходимо иметь регулярный доступ к информации о состоянии робота. Зайдя на соответствующую страницу сайта MyRobot компании АББ, заказчики получат все необходимые данные, включая сведения о техническом обслуживании и отчеты о производительности своего робота. Эта услуга позволяет легко сравнивать данные о производительности, обнаруживать возможные проблемы, а также оптимизировать планирование технического обслуживания и модернизации. С помощью MyRobot можно значительно увеличить выпуск продукции и уменьшить количество выбросов.

Award-winning solution
In June 2008, the innovative Remote Service solution won the Gold Value Chain award at the M2M United Conference in Chicago. The value chain award honors successful corporate adopters of M2M (machine–to-machine) technology and highlights the process of combining multiple technologies to deliver high-quality services to customers. ABB won in the categoryof Smart Services.

Приз за удачное решение
В июне 2008 г. инновационное решение Remote Service получило награду Gold Value Chain (Золотая цепь) на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго. «Золотая цепь» присуждается за успешное масштабное внедрение технологии M2M (машина – машина), а также за достижения в объединении различных технологий для предоставления высококачественных услуг заказчикам. АББ одержала победу в номинации «Интеллектуальный сервис».

Case study: Tetley Tetley GB Ltd is the world’s second-largest manufacturer and distributor of tea. The company’s manufacturing and distribution business is spread across 40 countries and sells over 60 branded tea bags. Tetley’s UK tea production facility in Eaglescliffe, County Durham is the sole producer of Tetley tea bags 2.

Пример применения: Tetley Компания TetleyGB Ltd является вторым по величине мировым производителем и поставщиком чая. Производственные и торговые филиалы компании имеются в 40 странах, а продукция распространяется под 60 торговыми марками. Чаеразвесочная фабрика в Иглсклифф, графство Дарем, Великобритания – единственный производитель чая Tetley в пакетиках (рис. 2).

ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which can help extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the cost of automated production.

Предлагаемые АББ контракты на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и общую стоимость автоматизированного производства.

Robots in the plant’s production line were tripping alarms and delaying the whole production cycle. The spurious alarms resulted in much unnecessary downtime that was spent resetting the robots in the hope that another breakdown could be avoided. Each time an alarm was tripped, several hours of production time was lost. “It was for this reason that we were keen to try out ABB’s Remote Service agreement,” said Colin Trevor, plant maintenance manager.

Установленные в технологической линии роботы выдавали аварийные сигналы, задерживающие выполнение производственного цикла. Ложные срабатывания вынуждали перезапускать роботов в надежде предотвратить возможные отказы, в результате чего после каждого аварийного сигнала производство останавливалось на несколько часов. «Именно поэтому мы решили попробовать заключить с АББ контракт на дистанционное техническое обслуживание», – сказал Колин Тревор, начальник технической службы фабрики.

To prevent future disruptions caused by unplanned downtime, Tetley signed an ABB Response Package service agreement, which included installing a service box and system infrastructure into the robot control systems. Using the Remote Service solution, ABB remotely monitors and collects data on the “wear and tear” and productivity of the robotic cells; this data is then shared with the customer and contributes to smooth-running production cycles.

Для предотвращения ущерба в результате незапланированных простоев Tetley заключила с АББ контракт на комплексное обслуживание Response Package, согласно которому системы управления роботами были дооборудованы сервисными блоками с необходимой инфраструктурой. С помощью Remote Service компания АББ дистанционно собирает данные о наработке, износе и производительности роботизированных модулей. Эти данные предоставляются заказчику для оптимизации загрузки производственного оборудования.

Higher production uptime
Since the implementation of Remote Service, Tetley has enjoyed greatly reduced robot downtime, with no further disruptions caused by unforeseen problems. “The Remote Service package has dramatically changed the plant,” said Trevor. “We no longer have breakdown issues throughout the shift, helping us to achieve much longer periods of robot uptime. As we have learned, world-class manufacturing facilities need world-class support packages. Remote monitoring of our robots helps us to maintain machine uptime, prevent costly downtime and ensures my employees can be put to more valuable use.”

Увеличение полезного времени
С момента внедрения Remote Service компания Tetley была приятно удивлена резким сокращением простоя роботов и отсутствием незапланированных остановок производства. «Пакет Remote Service резко изменил ситуацию на предприятии», – сказал Тревор. «Мы избавились от простоев роботов и смогли резко увеличить их эксплуатационную готовность. Мы поняли, что для производственного оборудования мирового класса необходим сервисный пакет мирового класса. Дистанционный контроль роботов помогает нам поддерживать их в рабочем состоянии, предотвращать дорогостоящие простои и задействовать наш персонал для выполнения более важных задач».

Service access
Remote Service is available worldwide, connecting more than 500 robots. Companies that have up to 30 robots are often good candidates for the Remote Service offering, as they usually have neither the engineers nor the requisite skills to deal with robotics faults themselves. Larger companies are also enthusiastic about Remote Service, as the proactive services will improve the lifetime of their equipment and increase overall production uptime.

Доступность сервиса
Сеть Remote Service охватывает более 700 роботов по всему миру. Потенциальными заказчиками Remote Service являются компании, имеющие до 30 роботов, но не имеющие инженеров и техников, способных самостоятельно устранять их неисправности. Интерес к Remote Service проявляют и более крупные компании, поскольку они заинтересованы в увеличении срока службы и эксплуатационной готовности производственного оборудования.

In today’s competitive environment, business profitability often relies on demanding production schedules that do not always leave time for exhaustive or repeated equipment health checks. ABB’s Remote Service agreements are designed to monitor its customers’ robots to identify when problems are likely to occur and ensure that help is dispatched before the problem can escalate. In over 60 percent of ABB’s service calls, its robots can be brought back online remotely, without further intervention.

В условиях современной конкуренции окупаемость бизнеса часто зависит от соблюдения жестких графиков производства, не оставляющих времени для полномасштабных или периодических проверок исправности оборудования. Контракт Remote Service предусматривает мониторинг состояния роботов заказчика для прогнозирования возможных неисправностей и принятие мер по их предотвращению. В более чем 60 % случаев для устранения неисправности достаточно дистанционной консультации в сервисной службе АББ, дальнейшего вмешательства не требуется.

ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which helps extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the total cost of ownership. With four new packages available – Support, Response, Maintenance and Warranty, each backed up by ABB’s Remote Service technology – businesses can minimize the impact of unplanned downtime and achieve improved production-line efficiency.

Компания АББ предлагает гибкий выбор контрактов на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, которые позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и эксплуатационные расходы. Четыре новых пакета на основе технологии Remote Service – Support, Response, Maintenance и Warranty – позволяют минимизировать внеплановые простои и значительно повысить эффективность производства.

The benefits of Remote Sevice are clear: improved availability, fewer service visits, lower maintenance costs and maximized total cost of ownership. This unique service sets ABB apart from its competitors and is the beginning of a revolution in service thinking. It provides ABB with a great opportunity to improve customer access to its expertise and develop more advanced services worldwide.

Преимущества дистанционного технического обслуживания очевидны: повышенная надежность, уменьшение выездов ремонтных бригад, уменьшение затрат на обслуживание и общих эксплуатационных расходов. Эта уникальная услуга дает компании АББ преимущества над конкурентами и демонстрирует революционный подход к организации сервиса. Благодаря ей компания АББ расширяет доступ заказчиков к опыту своих специалистов и получает возможность более эффективного оказания технической помощи по всему миру.

Тематики

тех. обсл. и ремонт средств электросвязи

Обобщающие термины

виды технического обслуживания и ремонта

EN

remote maintenance
remote sevice

Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > remote maintenance
12 remote sevice
1. дистанционное техническое обслуживание
дистанционное техническое обслуживание
Техническое обслуживание объекта, проводимое под управлением персонала без его непосредственного присутствия.
[ОСТ 45.152-99 ]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент
Service from afar
Дистанционный сервис

ABB’s Remote Service concept is revolutionizing the robotics industry

Разработанная АББ концепция дистанционного обслуживания Remote Service революционизирует робототехнику

ABB robots are found in industrial applications everywhere – lifting, packing, grinding and welding, to name a few. Robust and tireless, they work around the clock and are critical to a company’s productivity. Thus, keeping these robots in top shape is essential – any failure can lead to serious output consequences. But what happens when a robot malfunctions?

Роботы АББ используются во всех отраслях промышленности для перемещения грузов, упаковки, шлифовки, сварки – всего и не перечислить. Надежные и неутомимые работники, способные трудиться день и ночь, они представляют большую ценность для владельца. Поэтому очень важно поддерживать их в надлежащей состоянии, ведь любой отказ может иметь серьезные последствия. Но что делать, если робот все-таки сломался?

ABB’s new Remote Service concept holds the answer: This approach enables a malfunctioning robot to alarm for help itself. An ABB service engineer then receives whole diagnostic information via wireless technology, analyzes the data on a Web site and responds with support in just minutes. This unique service is paying off for customers and ABB alike, and in the process is revolutionizing service thinking.

Ответом на этот вопрос стала новая концепция Remote Service от АББ, согласно которой неисправный робот сам просит о помощи. C помощью беспроводной технологии специалист сервисной службы АББ получает всю необходимую диагностическую информацию, анализирует данные на web-сайте и через считанные минуты выдает рекомендации по устранению отказа. Эта уникальная возможность одинаково ценна как для заказчиков, так и для самой компании АББ. В перспективе она способна в корне изменить весь подход к организации технического обслуживания.

Every minute of production downtime can have financially disastrous consequences for a company. Traditional reactive service is no longer sufficient since on-site service engineer visits also demand great amounts of time and money. Thus, companies not only require faster help from the service organization when needed but they also want to avoid disturbances in production.

Каждая минута простоя производства может привести к губительным финансовым последствиям. Традиционная организация сервиса, предусматривающая ликвидацию возникающих неисправностей, становится все менее эффективной, поскольку вызов сервисного инженера на место эксплуатации робота сопряжен с большими затратами времени и денег. Предприятия требуют от сервисной организации не только более быстрого оказания помощи, но и предотвращения возможных сбоев производства.

In 2006, ABB developed a new approach to better meet customer’s expectations: Using the latest technologies to reach the robots at customer sites around the world, ABB could support them remotely in just minutes, thereby reducing the need for site visits. Thus the new Remote Service concept was quickly brought to fruition and was launched in mid-2007. Statistics show that by using the system the majority of production stoppages can be avoided.

В 2006 г. компания АББ разработала новый подход к удовлетворению ожиданий своих заказчиков. Использование современных технологий позволяет специалистам АББ получать информацию от роботов из любой точки мира и в считанные минуты оказывать помощь дистанционно, в результате чего сокращается количество выездов на место установки. Запущенная в середине 2007 г. концепция Remote Service быстро себя оправдала. Статистика показывает, что её применение позволило предотвратить большое число остановок производства.

Reactive maintenance The hardware that makes ABB Remote Service possible consists of a communication unit, which has a function similar to that of an airplane’s so-called black box 1. This “service box” is connected to the robot’s control system and can read and transmit diagnostic information. The unit not only reads critical diagnostic information that enables immediate support in the event of a failure, but also makes it possible to monitor and analyze the robot’s condition, thereby proactively detecting the need for maintenance.

Устранение возникающих неисправностей Аппаратное устройство, с помощью которого реализуется концепция Remote Service, представляет собой коммуникационный блок, работающий аналогично черному ящику самолета (рис. 1). Этот блок считывает диагностические данные из контроллера робота и передает их по каналу GSM. Считывается не только информация, необходимая для оказания немедленной помощи в случае отказа, но и сведения, позволяющие контролировать и анализировать состояние робота для прогнозирования неисправностей и планирования технического обслуживания.

If the robot breaks down, the service box immediately stores the status of the robot, its historical data (as log files), and diagnostic parameters such as temperature and power supply. Equipped with a built-in modem and using the GSM network, the box transmits the data to a central server for analysis and presentation on a dedicated Web site. Alerts are automatically sent to the nearest of ABB’s 1,200 robot service engineers who then accesses the detailed data and error log to analyze the problem.

При поломке робота сервисный блок немедленно сохраняет данные о его состоянии, сведения из рабочего журнала, а также значения диагностических параметров (температура и характеристики питания). Эти данные передаются встроенным GSM-модемом на центральный сервер для анализа и представления на соответствующем web-сайте. Аварийные сообщения автоматически пересылаются ближайшему к месту аварии одному из 1200 сервисных инженеров-робототехников АББ, который получает доступ к детальной информации и журналу аварий для анализа возникшей проблемы.

A remotely based ABB engineer can then quickly identify the exact fault, offering rapid customer support. For problems that cannot be solved remotely, the service engineer can arrange for quick delivery of spare parts and visit the site to repair the robot. Even if the engineer must make a site visit, service is faster, more efficient and performed to a higher standard than otherwise possible.

Специалист АББ может дистанционно идентифицировать отказ и оказать быструю помощь заказчику. Если неисправность не может быть устранена дистанционно, сервисный инженер организовывает доставку запасных частей и выезд ремонтной бригады. Даже если необходимо разрешение проблемы на месте, предшествующая дистанционная диагностика позволяет минимизировать объем работ и сократить время простоя.

Remote Service enables engineers to “talk” to robots remotely and to utilize tools that enable smart, fast and automatic analysis. The system is based on a machine-to-machine (M2M) concept, which works automatically, requiring human input only for analysis and personalized customer recommendations. ABB was recognized for this innovative solution at the M2M United Conference in Chicago in 2008 Factbox.

Remote Service позволяет инженерам «разговаривать» с роботами на расстоянии и предоставляет в их распоряжение интеллектуальные средства быстрого автоматизированного анализа. Система основана на основе технологии автоматической связи машины с машиной (M2M), где участие человека сводится к анализу данных и выдаче рекомендаций клиенту. В 2008 г. это инновационное решение от АББ получило приз на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго (см. вставку).

Proactive maintenance
Remote Service also allows ABB engineers to monitor and detect potential problems in the robot system and opens up new possibilities for proactive maintenance.

Прогнозирование неисправностей
Remote Service позволяет инженерам АББ дистанционно контролировать состояние роботов и прогнозировать возможные неисправности, что открывает новые возможности по организации профилактического обслуживания.

The service box regularly takes condition measurements. By monitoring key parameters over time, Remote Service can identify potential failures and when necessary notify both the end customer and the appropriate ABB engineer. The management and storage of full system backups is a very powerful service to help recover from critical situations caused, for example, by operator errors.

Сервисный блок регулярно выполняет диагностические измерения. Непрерывно контролируя ключевые параметры, Remote Service может распознать потенциальные опасности и, при необходимости, оповещать владельца оборудования и соответствующего специалиста АББ. Резервирование данных для возможного отката является мощным средством, обеспечивающим восстановление системы в критических ситуациях, например, после ошибки оператора.

The first Remote Service installation took place in the automotive industry in the United States and quickly proved its value. The motherboard in a robot cabinet overheated and the rise in temperature triggered an alarm via Remote Service. Because of the alarm, engineers were able to replace a faulty fan, preventing a costly production shutdown.

Первая система Remote Service была установлена на автозаводе в США и очень скоро была оценена по достоинству. Она обнаружила перегрев материнской платы в шкафу управления роботом и передала сигнал о превышении допустимой температуры, благодаря чему инженеры смогли заменить неисправный вентилятор и предотвратить дорогостоящую остановку производства.

MyRobot: 24-hour remote access

Having regular access to a robot’s condition data is also essential to achieving lean production. At any time, from any location, customers can verify their robots’ status and access maintenance information and performance reports simply by logging in to ABB’s MyRobot Web site. The service enables customers to easily compare performances, identify bottlenecks or developing issues, and initiate the most

Сайт MyRobot: круглосуточный дистанционный доступ
Для того чтобы обеспечить бесперебойное производство, необходимо иметь регулярный доступ к информации о состоянии робота. Зайдя на соответствующую страницу сайта MyRobot компании АББ, заказчики получат все необходимые данные, включая сведения о техническом обслуживании и отчеты о производительности своего робота. Эта услуга позволяет легко сравнивать данные о производительности, обнаруживать возможные проблемы, а также оптимизировать планирование технического обслуживания и модернизации. С помощью MyRobot можно значительно увеличить выпуск продукции и уменьшить количество выбросов.

Award-winning solution
In June 2008, the innovative Remote Service solution won the Gold Value Chain award at the M2M United Conference in Chicago. The value chain award honors successful corporate adopters of M2M (machine–to-machine) technology and highlights the process of combining multiple technologies to deliver high-quality services to customers. ABB won in the categoryof Smart Services.

Приз за удачное решение
В июне 2008 г. инновационное решение Remote Service получило награду Gold Value Chain (Золотая цепь) на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго. «Золотая цепь» присуждается за успешное масштабное внедрение технологии M2M (машина – машина), а также за достижения в объединении различных технологий для предоставления высококачественных услуг заказчикам. АББ одержала победу в номинации «Интеллектуальный сервис».

Case study: Tetley Tetley GB Ltd is the world’s second-largest manufacturer and distributor of tea. The company’s manufacturing and distribution business is spread across 40 countries and sells over 60 branded tea bags. Tetley’s UK tea production facility in Eaglescliffe, County Durham is the sole producer of Tetley tea bags 2.

Пример применения: Tetley Компания TetleyGB Ltd является вторым по величине мировым производителем и поставщиком чая. Производственные и торговые филиалы компании имеются в 40 странах, а продукция распространяется под 60 торговыми марками. Чаеразвесочная фабрика в Иглсклифф, графство Дарем, Великобритания – единственный производитель чая Tetley в пакетиках (рис. 2).

ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which can help extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the cost of automated production.

Предлагаемые АББ контракты на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и общую стоимость автоматизированного производства.

Robots in the plant’s production line were tripping alarms and delaying the whole production cycle. The spurious alarms resulted in much unnecessary downtime that was spent resetting the robots in the hope that another breakdown could be avoided. Each time an alarm was tripped, several hours of production time was lost. “It was for this reason that we were keen to try out ABB’s Remote Service agreement,” said Colin Trevor, plant maintenance manager.

Установленные в технологической линии роботы выдавали аварийные сигналы, задерживающие выполнение производственного цикла. Ложные срабатывания вынуждали перезапускать роботов в надежде предотвратить возможные отказы, в результате чего после каждого аварийного сигнала производство останавливалось на несколько часов. «Именно поэтому мы решили попробовать заключить с АББ контракт на дистанционное техническое обслуживание», – сказал Колин Тревор, начальник технической службы фабрики.

To prevent future disruptions caused by unplanned downtime, Tetley signed an ABB Response Package service agreement, which included installing a service box and system infrastructure into the robot control systems. Using the Remote Service solution, ABB remotely monitors and collects data on the “wear and tear” and productivity of the robotic cells; this data is then shared with the customer and contributes to smooth-running production cycles.

Для предотвращения ущерба в результате незапланированных простоев Tetley заключила с АББ контракт на комплексное обслуживание Response Package, согласно которому системы управления роботами были дооборудованы сервисными блоками с необходимой инфраструктурой. С помощью Remote Service компания АББ дистанционно собирает данные о наработке, износе и производительности роботизированных модулей. Эти данные предоставляются заказчику для оптимизации загрузки производственного оборудования.

Higher production uptime
Since the implementation of Remote Service, Tetley has enjoyed greatly reduced robot downtime, with no further disruptions caused by unforeseen problems. “The Remote Service package has dramatically changed the plant,” said Trevor. “We no longer have breakdown issues throughout the shift, helping us to achieve much longer periods of robot uptime. As we have learned, world-class manufacturing facilities need world-class support packages. Remote monitoring of our robots helps us to maintain machine uptime, prevent costly downtime and ensures my employees can be put to more valuable use.”

Увеличение полезного времени
С момента внедрения Remote Service компания Tetley была приятно удивлена резким сокращением простоя роботов и отсутствием незапланированных остановок производства. «Пакет Remote Service резко изменил ситуацию на предприятии», – сказал Тревор. «Мы избавились от простоев роботов и смогли резко увеличить их эксплуатационную готовность. Мы поняли, что для производственного оборудования мирового класса необходим сервисный пакет мирового класса. Дистанционный контроль роботов помогает нам поддерживать их в рабочем состоянии, предотвращать дорогостоящие простои и задействовать наш персонал для выполнения более важных задач».

Service access
Remote Service is available worldwide, connecting more than 500 robots. Companies that have up to 30 robots are often good candidates for the Remote Service offering, as they usually have neither the engineers nor the requisite skills to deal with robotics faults themselves. Larger companies are also enthusiastic about Remote Service, as the proactive services will improve the lifetime of their equipment and increase overall production uptime.

Доступность сервиса
Сеть Remote Service охватывает более 700 роботов по всему миру. Потенциальными заказчиками Remote Service являются компании, имеющие до 30 роботов, но не имеющие инженеров и техников, способных самостоятельно устранять их неисправности. Интерес к Remote Service проявляют и более крупные компании, поскольку они заинтересованы в увеличении срока службы и эксплуатационной готовности производственного оборудования.

In today’s competitive environment, business profitability often relies on demanding production schedules that do not always leave time for exhaustive or repeated equipment health checks. ABB’s Remote Service agreements are designed to monitor its customers’ robots to identify when problems are likely to occur and ensure that help is dispatched before the problem can escalate. In over 60 percent of ABB’s service calls, its robots can be brought back online remotely, without further intervention.

В условиях современной конкуренции окупаемость бизнеса часто зависит от соблюдения жестких графиков производства, не оставляющих времени для полномасштабных или периодических проверок исправности оборудования. Контракт Remote Service предусматривает мониторинг состояния роботов заказчика для прогнозирования возможных неисправностей и принятие мер по их предотвращению. В более чем 60 % случаев для устранения неисправности достаточно дистанционной консультации в сервисной службе АББ, дальнейшего вмешательства не требуется.

ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which helps extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the total cost of ownership. With four new packages available – Support, Response, Maintenance and Warranty, each backed up by ABB’s Remote Service technology – businesses can minimize the impact of unplanned downtime and achieve improved production-line efficiency.

Компания АББ предлагает гибкий выбор контрактов на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, которые позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и эксплуатационные расходы. Четыре новых пакета на основе технологии Remote Service – Support, Response, Maintenance и Warranty – позволяют минимизировать внеплановые простои и значительно повысить эффективность производства.

The benefits of Remote Sevice are clear: improved availability, fewer service visits, lower maintenance costs and maximized total cost of ownership. This unique service sets ABB apart from its competitors and is the beginning of a revolution in service thinking. It provides ABB with a great opportunity to improve customer access to its expertise and develop more advanced services worldwide.

Преимущества дистанционного технического обслуживания очевидны: повышенная надежность, уменьшение выездов ремонтных бригад, уменьшение затрат на обслуживание и общих эксплуатационных расходов. Эта уникальная услуга дает компании АББ преимущества над конкурентами и демонстрирует революционный подход к организации сервиса. Благодаря ей компания АББ расширяет доступ заказчиков к опыту своих специалистов и получает возможность более эффективного оказания технической помощи по всему миру.

Тематики

тех. обсл. и ремонт средств электросвязи

Обобщающие термины

виды технического обслуживания и ремонта

EN

remote maintenance
remote sevice

Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > remote sevice
13 any

1. adjective
1) (some)

have you any wool/any statement to make? — haben Sie Wolle/[irgend]eine Erklärung abzugeben?

if you have any difficulties — wenn du irgendwelche Schwierigkeiten hast

not any — kein/keine

without any — ohne jeden/jede/jedes

have you any idea of the time? — hast du eine Ahnung, wie spät es ist?

2) (one) ein/eine

there isn't any hood on this coat — dieser Mantel hat keine Kapuze

a book without any cover — ein Buch ohne Deckel

3) (all) jeder/jede/jedes

to avoid any delay — um jede Verzögerung zu vermeiden

4) (every) jeder/jede/jedes

any time I went there — jedes Mal od. immer, wenn ich dort hinging

[at] any time — jederzeit

[at] any time of day — zu jeder Tageszeit

5) (whichever) jeder/jede/jedes [beliebige]

choose any [one] book/any books you like — suchen Sie sich (Dat.) irgendein Buch/irgendwelche Bücher aus

choose any two numbers — nimm zwei beliebige Zahlen

do it any way you like — machen Sie es, wie immer Sie wollen

[at] any time [now] — jederzeit

any day/minute [now] — jeden Tag/jede Minute

you can count on him any time — (coll.) du kannst dich jederzeit auf ihn verlassen

I'd prefer Mozart any day — (coll.) ich würde Mozart allemal (ugs.) od. jederzeit vorziehen

not [just] any house — nicht irgendein beliebiges Haus

take any amount you wish — nehmen Sie, soviel Sie wollen

any amount of — jede Menge (ugs.)

6) (an appreciable) ein nennenswerter/eine nennenswerte/ein nennenswertes

she didn't stay any length of time — sie ist nicht sehr lange geblieben
2. pronoun
1) (some) in condit., interrog., or neg. sentence (replacing sing. n.) einer/eine/ein[e]s; (replacing collect. n.) welcher/welche/welches; (replacing pl. n.) welche

not any — keiner/keine/kein[e]s/Pl. keine

without any — ohne

I need to buy some sugar, we haven't got any at the moment — ich muss Zucker kaufen, wir haben im Augenblick keinen

Here are some sweets. Would you like any? — Hier sind ein paar Bonbons. Möchtest du welche?

hardly any — kaum welche/etwas

do you have any of them in stock? — haben Sie [irgend]welche davon vorrätig?

he is not having any of it — (fig. coll.) er will nichts davon wissen

2) (no matter which) irgendeiner / irgendeine / irgendein[e]s/irgendwelche Pl.

Which numbers? - Any between 1 and 10 — Welche Zahlen? - Irgendwelche zwischen 1 und 10
3. adverb
do you feel any better today? — fühlen Sie sich heute [etwas] besser?

if it gets any colder — wenn es noch kälter wird

he didn't seem any [the] wiser after that — danach schien er auch nicht klüger zu sein

I can't wait any longer — ich kann nicht [mehr] länger warten

I don't feel any better — mir ist kein bisschen wohler

* * *
['eni] 1. pronoun, adjective
1) (one, some, no matter which: `Which dress shall I wear?' `Wear any (dress)'; `Which dresses shall I pack?' `Pack any (dresses)'.) irgendeiner/irgendeine/irgendeines

2) ((in questions and negative sentences etc) one, some: John has been to some interesting places but I've never been to any; Have you been to any interesting places?; We have hardly any coffee left.) irgendwelcher/irgendwelche/irgendwelches
2. adjective
(every: Any schoolboy could tell you the answer.) jeder/jede/jedes
3. adverb
(at all; (even) by a small amount: Is this book any better than the last one?; His writing hasn't improved any.) irgendwie

- academic.ru/3049/anybody">anybody
- anyone
- anyhow
- anything
- anyway
- anywhere
- at any rate
- in any case
* * *

any

[eni, əni]

I. adj inv, attr

1. (in questions) [irgend]ein(e); (with uncountables) etwas

do you have \any children/brothers and sisters? haben Sie Kinder/Geschwister?

did you notice \any changes? hast du irgendwelche Veränderungen bemerkt?

do you have \any problems? haben Sie [irgendwelche] Probleme?

do you have [or have you got] \any basil? hätten Sie vielleicht etwas Basilikum?

\any news about your application? hast du schon [irgend]etwas wegen deiner Bewerbung gehört?

2. (with negative)

I don't think there'll be \any snow this Christmas ich glaube nicht, dass es dieses Jahr an Weihnachten schneien wird

there wasn't \any butter in the house es war keine Butter im Haus

you mustn't do that on \any account du darfst das auf gar keinen Fall tun

3. (conditional) [irgend]ein(e); (with uncountables) etwas

if you had \any friends, you would know what I mean wenn du Freunde hättest, wüsstest du, was ich meine

if I had \any money, I would not hesitate wenn ich [etwas] Geld hätte, würde ich nicht zögern

if she had \any experience, I'd give her the job wenn sie wenigstens etwas Erfahrung hätte, würde ich sie einstellen

if you had \any time to spare, you could join us wenn du Zeit hast, kannst du ja nachkommen

\any [at all] [irgend]ein(e)

if I had \any plan at all, you'd be the first to know wenn ich auch nur irgendeinen Plan hätte, würdest du es als Erster erfahren

if there had been \any pedestrians I could have asked, I wouldn't have got lost wenn da irgendwelche Passanten gewesen wären, die ich hätte fragen können, hätte ich mich nicht verirrt

very few people, if \any, still remember him es gibt, wenn überhaupt, nur noch sehr wenige Menschen, die sich an ihn erinnern

if it's of \any help [at all] to you, I could talk to your boss wenn dir das irgendwie hilft, könnte ich ja mal mit deinem Chef sprechen

4. (every) jede(r, s); (all) alle

I love \any form of chocolate ich liebe jede Art von Schokolade

absolutely \any food would be better than nothing at all wirklich [o absolut] jedes Essen wäre besser als überhaupt nichts

\any complaints should be addressed to the hotel manager jegliche [o alle] Beschwerden sind an den Hoteldirektor zu richten

ring me up \any time du kannst mich jederzeit anrufen

in \any case, at \any rate ( fam: whatever happens) auf jeden Fall; (above and beyond that) überhaupt

there's nothing on at the cinema and in \any case it's far too cold es läuft nichts im Kino und außerdem ist es sowieso viel zu kalt

\any minute jeden Augenblick

\any minute now he's going to go crazy ( fam) er wird jeden Augenblick ausflippen

\any day/moment jeden Tag/Moment

\any time now jederzeit

at \any one time zu jeder Zeit

5. (whichever you like) jede(r, s) [beliebige]; (with uncountables, pl n) alle; (not important which) irgendein(e); (with pl n) irgendwelche

you could choose \any three items of clothing [you liked] man konnte sich drei Kleidungsstücke nach Belieben aussuchen

you can borrow \any books [you want] du kannst dir alle Bücher ausleihen, die du möchtest

\any number beliebig viele

you can take \any number of books [you want] du kannst beliebig viele Bücher mitnehmen

take \any trousers from my wardrobe nimm einfach irgendeine Hose aus meinem Schrank

\any old ( fam) jede(r, s) x-beliebige fam

I can't wear just \any old thing to my brother's wedding ich kann nicht jedes x-beliebige Teil zur Hochzeit meines Bruders tragen! fam

II. pron

1. (some of many) welche; (one of many) eine(r, s)

are \any of those pictures over there yours? sind von den Bildern da drüben welche von dir?

have you seen \any of his films? hast du schon einen seiner Filme gesehen?

do you have \any [at all]? haben Sie [überhaupt] welche?

did \any of you hear anything? hat jemand von euch etwas gehört?

2. (some of a quantity) welche(r, s)

do you have \any basil? — I'm sorry, there isn't \any left hast du Basilikum? — ich fürchte, es ist keines mehr da

if there's \any left, throw it away wenn noch was übrig ist, wirf es weg

\any at all überhaupt welche(r, s)

hardly \any kaum etwas

▪ \any of sth etwas von etw dat

is there \any of that lemon cake left? ist noch etwas von dem Zitronenkuchen übrig?

3. (with negative)

we've got one copy here but we don't have \any to sell wir haben hier ein Exemplar, aber zum Verkaufen haben wir keine

I haven't seen \any of his films ich habe keinen seiner Filme gesehen

don't you have \any at all haben Sie denn überhaupt keine?

not \any at all überhaupt keine(r, s)

you've eaten all the chocolate without leaving \any for me! du hast die ganze Schokolade gegessen und mir nichts übrig gelassen!

4. (each) jede(r, s); (all) alle

we're happy to welcome each and \any who wants to take part wir freuen uns über jeden Einzelnen, der mitmachen möchte

\any of the cars/dresses jedes der Autos/Kleider

have you got some gloves for me? — \any I have are torn hast du ein Paar Handschuhe für mich? — alle, die ich habe, sind zerschlissen

5. (no important which) irgendeine(r, s); (replacing pl n) irgendwelche; (whichever you like) jede(r, s) [beliebige]; (replacing pl n) alle

I need someone to give me a hand — \any of you will do einer muss mir zur Hand gehen — egal wer von euch

which screws would you like? — \any would do welche Schrauben möchtest du? — egal welche

which hat shall I wear? — \any that's not too sporty welchen Hut soll ich tragen? — irgendeinen, der nicht zu sportlich ist

could I borrow a few of your books? — take \any kann ich mir ein paar deiner Bücher leihen? — nimm dir irgendwelche

6.

▶ to not have \any [of it] nichts davon wissen wollen

III. adv inv

1. (emphasizing) noch; (a little) etwas; (at all) überhaupt

he wasn't \any good at acting Schauspielern lag ihm gar nicht

if I have to stay here \any longer,... wenn ich noch länger hierbleiben muss,...

none of us is getting \any younger wir werden alle nicht jünger

can't you drive \any faster? können Sie nicht etwas schneller fahren?

are you feeling \any better? fühlst du dich [denn] etwas besser?

I don't feel \any better mir geht es überhaupt [o gar] nicht besser

that didn't help \any das hat überhaupt nichts genutzt

no one need be \any the wiser kein muss davon erfahren

\any more noch mehr

\any more of those remarks and I'll thump you! noch eine solche Bemerkung und es knallt! fam

2. (expressing termination)

not \any longer/more nicht mehr

I don't do yoga \any more ich mache kein Yoga mehr

I can't tell you \any more than that ich kann dir nicht mehr als das sagen

I don't expect we'll have \any more trouble from him ich glaube nicht, dass er uns noch weiteren Ärger bereitet

* * *
['enɪ]
1. adj

1) (in interrog, conditional, neg sentences) not translated (emph = any at all) (with sing n) irgendein(e); (with pl n) irgendwelche; (with uncountable n) etwas

not any — kein/keine

not ANY... at all — überhaupt kein/keine...

if I had any plan/ideas/money — wenn ich einen Plan/Ideen/Geld hätte

if I had ANY plan/ideas/money (at all) — wenn ich irgendeinen Plan/irgendwelche Ideen/(auch nur) etwas Geld hätte

if you think it'll do any good/ANY good (at all) — wenn du glaubst, dass es etwas/irgendetwas nützt

if it's any help (at all) — wenn das (irgendwie) hilft

it won't do any good —

it wasn't any good or use (at all) you mustn't do that on any account — es nützte (überhaupt or gar) nichts das darfst du auf gar keinen Fall tun

without any difficulty (at all) — ohne jede Schwierigkeit

2) (= no matter which) jede(r, s) (beliebige...); (with pl or uncountable n) alle

any one will do — es ist jede(r, s) recht

any excuse will do —

you can have any book/books you can find — du kannst jedes Buch/alle Bücher haben, das/die du finden kannst

take any two dresses — nehmen Sie zwei beliebige Kleider

any one you like — was du willst

any one of us would have done the same — jeder von uns hätte dasselbe getan

you can't just come at any time — du kannst nicht einfach zu jeder beliebigen Zeit kommen

you can come at any time — du kannst jederzeit kommen

thank you – any time — danke! – bitte!

any time soon — irgendwann bald

any fool could do that — das kann jedes Kind

any old... (inf) — jede(r, s) x-beliebige... (inf)

See:

→ old

2. pron

1) (in interrog, conditional, neg sentences) (replacing sing n) ein(e), welche(r, s); (replacing pl n) einige, welche; (replacing uncountable n) etwas, welche

I want to meet psychologists/a psychologist, do you know any? — ich würde gerne Psychologen/einen Psychologen kennenlernen, kennen Sie welche/einen?

I need some butter/stamps, do you have any? — ich brauche Butter/Briefmarken, haben Sie welche?

have you seen any of my ties? — haben Sie eine von meinen Krawatten gesehen?

don't you have any (at all)? — haben Sie (denn) (gar or überhaupt) keinen/keine/keines?

he wasn't having any (of it/that) (inf) — er wollte nichts davon hören

the profits, if any — die eventuellen Gewinne

few, if any, will come — wenn überhaupt, werden nur wenige kommen

I'd like some tea/tomatoes if you have any — ich hätte gerne Tee, wenn Sie welchen haben/Tomaten, wenn Sie welche haben

if any of you can sing — wenn (irgend)jemand or (irgend)einer/-eine von euch singen kann

2) (= no matter which) alle

any who do come... —

any that I have... — alle, die ich habe...

3. adv

1) colder, bigger etc noch

not any colder/bigger etc — nicht kälter/größer etc

it won't get any colder — es wird nicht mehr kälter

we can't go any further — wir können nicht mehr weiter gehen

should he grow any bigger he'll... — wenn er noch mehr wächst, wird er...

are you feeling any better? — geht es dir etwas besser?

he wasn't any too pleased (Brit) — er war nicht allzu begeistert

do you want any more soup? — willst du noch etwas Suppe?

don't you want any more tea? — willst du keinen Tee mehr?

any more offers? — noch weitere Angebote?

I don't want any more (at all) — ich möchte (überhaupt or gar) nichts mehr

2) (esp US inf = at all) überhaupt

you can't improve it any — du kannst es überhaupt nicht mehr verbessern

it didn't help them any — es hat ihnen gar or überhaupt nichts genützt

* * *

any [ˈenı]

A adj

1. (in Frage- und Verneinungssätzen) (irgend)ein(e), einige pl, (irgend)welche pl, etwaige pl, etwas:

not any (gar) keine;

is there any hope? besteht noch (irgendwelche) Hoffnung?;

have you got any money on you? haben Sie Geld bei sich?;

there wasn’t any milk in the house es war keine Milch oder kein Tropfen Milch im Hause; → use C 2, etc

2. (in bejahenden Sätzen) besonders pej auch any and every jeder, jede, jedes (beliebige):

any of these books will do jedes dieser Bücher genügt (für den Zweck);

any cat will scratch jede Katze kratzt;

any person who … jeder, der …; besonders JUR wer …;

come any time you like komm, wann immer du willst;

at any time zu jeder Zeit, jederzeit;

under any circumstances unter allen Umständen; → case¹ A 2, day Bes Redew, rate¹ A 3, etc

B pron sg und pl irgendein(er, e, es), irgendwelche pl:

if there be any … sollten irgendwelche … sein;

no money and no prospect of any kein Geld und keine Aussicht auf welches

C adv

1. irgend(wie), ein wenig, etwas, (nur) noch, (noch) etwas:

if these estimates are any close to accurate, … wenn diese Schätzungen auch nur annähernd stimmen, …;

is he any happier now? ist er denn jetzt glücklicher?;

he doesn’t live here any more er wohnt nicht mehr hier;

any more? noch (etwas) mehr?;

not any more than ebenso wenig wie;

have you any more to say? haben Sie noch (irgend) etwas zu sagen?;

any old how umg achtlos; → if¹ A 1, old A 10

2. US (in negativen Sätzen) gar (nicht), überhaupt (nicht):

this didn’t help matters any das nützte (der Sache) überhaupt nichts;

he didn’t mind that any das hat ihm gar nichts ausgemacht

* * *
1. adjective
1) (some)

have you any wool/any statement to make? — haben Sie Wolle/[irgend]eine Erklärung abzugeben?

if you have any difficulties — wenn du irgendwelche Schwierigkeiten hast

not any — kein/keine

without any — ohne jeden/jede/jedes

have you any idea of the time? — hast du eine Ahnung, wie spät es ist?

2) (one) ein/eine

there isn't any hood on this coat — dieser Mantel hat keine Kapuze

a book without any cover — ein Buch ohne Deckel

3) (all) jeder/jede/jedes

to avoid any delay — um jede Verzögerung zu vermeiden

4) (every) jeder/jede/jedes

any time I went there — jedes Mal od. immer, wenn ich dort hinging

[at] any time — jederzeit

[at] any time of day — zu jeder Tageszeit

5) (whichever) jeder/jede/jedes [beliebige]

choose any [one] book/any books you like — suchen Sie sich (Dat.) irgendein Buch/irgendwelche Bücher aus

choose any two numbers — nimm zwei beliebige Zahlen

do it any way you like — machen Sie es, wie immer Sie wollen

[at] any time [now] — jederzeit

any day/minute [now] — jeden Tag/jede Minute

you can count on him any time — (coll.) du kannst dich jederzeit auf ihn verlassen

I'd prefer Mozart any day — (coll.) ich würde Mozart allemal (ugs.) od. jederzeit vorziehen

not [just] any house — nicht irgendein beliebiges Haus

take any amount you wish — nehmen Sie, soviel Sie wollen

any amount of — jede Menge (ugs.)

6) (an appreciable) ein nennenswerter/eine nennenswerte/ein nennenswertes

she didn't stay any length of time — sie ist nicht sehr lange geblieben
2. pronoun
1) (some) in condit., interrog., or neg. sentence (replacing sing. n.) einer/eine/ein[e]s; (replacing collect. n.) welcher/welche/welches; (replacing pl. n.) welche

not any — keiner/keine/kein[e]s/Pl. keine

without any — ohne

I need to buy some sugar, we haven't got any at the moment — ich muss Zucker kaufen, wir haben im Augenblick keinen

Here are some sweets. Would you like any? — Hier sind ein paar Bonbons. Möchtest du welche?

hardly any — kaum welche/etwas

do you have any of them in stock? — haben Sie [irgend]welche davon vorrätig?

he is not having any of it — (fig. coll.) er will nichts davon wissen

2) (no matter which) irgendeiner / irgendeine / irgendein[e]s/irgendwelche Pl.

Which numbers? - Any between 1 and 10 — Welche Zahlen? - Irgendwelche zwischen 1 und 10
3. adverb
do you feel any better today? — fühlen Sie sich heute [etwas] besser?

if it gets any colder — wenn es noch kälter wird

he didn't seem any [the] wiser after that — danach schien er auch nicht klüger zu sein

I can't wait any longer — ich kann nicht [mehr] länger warten

I don't feel any better — mir ist kein bisschen wohler

* * *

adj.

beliebig adj.

einer adj.

irgendein adj.

irgendeiner adj.

irgendetwas adj.

irgendwelch adj.

jed adj.

jeder adj.

English-german dictionary > any
14 help

1. transitive verb
1)

help somebody [to do something] — jemandem helfen [, etwas zu tun]

help oneself — sich (Dat.) selbst helfen

can I help you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop also) was möchten Sie bitte?

2) (serve)

help oneself — sich (Dat.) nehmen; sich bedienen

help oneself to something — sich (Dat.) etwas nehmen; (coll.): (steal) etwas mitgehen lassen (ugs.)

3) (avoid)

if I/you can help it — wenn es irgend zu vermeiden ist

not if I can help it — nicht wenn ich es verhindern kann

it can't be helped — es lässt sich nicht ändern

I can't help it — (remedy) ich kann nichts dafür (ugs.)

4) (refrain from)

I can't help thinking or can't help but think that... — ich kann mir nicht helfen, ich glaube,...

I can't help laughing — ich muss einfach lachen
2. noun
Hilfe, die

be of [some]/no/much help to somebody — jemandem eine gewisse/keine/eine große Hilfe sein

there's no help for it — daran lässt sich nichts ändern

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/34412/help_out">help out

* * *
[help] 1. verb
1) (to do something with or for someone that he cannot do alone, or that he will find useful: Will you help me with this translation?; Will you please help me (to) translate this poem?; Can I help?; He fell down and I helped him up.) helfen

2) (to play a part in something; to improve or advance: Bright posters will help to attract the public to the exhibition; Good exam results will help his chances of a job.) beitragen zu

3) (to make less bad: An aspirin will help your headache.) lindern

4) (to serve (a person) in a shop: Can I help you, sir?) etwas tun

5) ((with can(not), could( not)) to be able not to do something or to prevent something: He looked so funny that I couldn't help laughing; Can I help it if it rains?) verhindern
2. noun
1) (the act of helping, or the result of this: Can you give me some help?; Your digging the garden was a big help; Can I be of help to you?) die Hilfe

2) (someone or something that is useful: You're a great help to me.) die Hilfe

3) (a servant, farmworker etc: She has hired a new help.) die (Aus-)Hilfe

4) ((usually with no) a way of preventing something: Even if you don't want to do it, the decision has been made - there's no help for it now.) die Abhilfe

•

- helper
- helpful
- helpfully
- helpfulness
- helping
- helpless
- helplessly
- helplessness
- help oneself
- help out
* * *

help

[help]

I. n

1. no pl (assistance) Hilfe f; (financial) Unterstützung f

do you need any \help with those boxes? soll ich dir mit diesen Kisten helfen?

can I be of \help to you? kann ich Ihnen irgendwie helfen?

the victims were beyond \help den Opfern war nicht mehr zu helfen

this guy is beyond \help! dem Typ ist nicht mehr zu helfen!

there's no \help for it, I'll have to call the police ich werde wohl doch die Polizei rufen müssen

to cry [or go crying] for \help nach Hilfe schreien

to give [or provide] \help Hilfe leisten

to give \help to sb jdm helfen

to run [or go running] for \help Hilfe suchen

▪ to be of \help to sth für etw akk hilfreich sein

▪ to be of \help to sb für jdn eine Stütze [o Hilfe] sein

2. no pl (aid)

▪ to be a \help helfen

a great \help you are! ( iron) eine tolle Hilfe bist du! iron

to be a big \help with sth bei etw dat eine große Hilfe sein

3. (employee) Aushilfe f, Hilfskraft f

▪ the \help + sing/pl vb das Personal

home \help [Haushalts]hilfe f, Zugehfrau f bes SÜDD, ÖSTERR a. Bedienerin f

to have [AM hired] \help come in eine Haushaltshilfe haben

to be short of \help wenig Personal haben

4. no pl COMPUT Hilfe[-Funktion] f

II. interj

▪ \help! Hilfe!

III. vi

1. (assist) helfen ( with bei + dat)

is there any way that I can \help? kann ich irgendwie behilflich sein?

2. (alleviate) helfen; medicine also Abhilfe schaffen

IV. vt

1. (assist)

▪ to \help sb jdm helfen [o beistehen]

\help me! Hilfe!

God [or Heaven] \help us! der Himmel stehe uns bei!

her local knowledge \helped her ihre Ortskenntnisse haben ihr genützt SÜDD [o NORDD genutzt]

[how] can I \help you? was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop) kann ich Ihnen behilflich sein?

nothing can \help her now ihr ist nicht mehr zu helfen

I wonder if you could \help me vielleicht könnten Sie mir weiterhelfen

so \help me God so wahr mir Gott helfe

to \help sb down the stairs/into a taxi jdm die Treppe hinunterhelfen/in ein Taxi helfen

to \help sb through their depression/a difficult time jdm über eine Depression/eine schwierige Zeit hinweghelfen

▪ to \help sb/sth [to] do sth jdm/etw dabei helfen, etw zu tun

▪ to \help sb with sth jdm bei etw dat helfen

could you \help me with my coat? würden Sie mir in den Mantel helfen?

2. (improve)

▪ to \help sth etw verbessern; (alleviate) etw lindern

a little make-up would \help your appearance a lot mit ein bisschen Make-up würdest du viel besser aussehen

3. (contribute)

▪ to \help sth zu etw dat beitragen

the drought has \helped to make this a disastrous year for Somalia die Dürre war auch ein Grund dafür, dass dies ein katastrophales Jahr für Somalia wurde

4. (prevent)

I can't \help it [or myself] ich kann nicht anders

stop giggling! — I can't \help it! hör auf zu kichern! — ich kann nichts dagegen machen!

he can't \help his looks er kann nichts für sein Aussehen

I can't \help thinking that... ich denke einfach, dass...

she couldn't \help wondering whether... sie musste sich wirklich fragen, ob...

I couldn't \help staring at the strange man ich musste den seltsamen Mann einfach anstarren

not if I can \help it nicht wenn ich es irgendwie verhindern kann

▪ sth can't be \helped etw ist nicht zu ändern, etw ist halt so fam

5. (take)

▪ to \help oneself sich akk bedienen

please \help yourself bitte bedienen Sie sich

he \helped himself from the sweets tray er nahm sich etwas aus der Bonbonschale

▪ to \help oneself to sth sich dat etw nehmen; thief sich akk an etw dat bedienen

6. ( form: give)

▪ to \help sb to sth jdm etw reichen geh

shall I \help you to more wine? darf ich Ihnen noch etwas Wein nachschenken? geh

7.

▶ God \helps those who \help themselves ( prov) hilf dir selbst, dann hilft dir Gott prov

V. adj attr, inv COMPUT (display, menu, text) Hilfe-

* * *
[help]
1. n no pl
Hilfe f; (= person with pl) Hilfe f
with his brother's help — mithilfe or mit (der) Hilfe seines Bruders

his help with the project —

with the help of a knife — mithilfe or mit Hilfe eines Messers

we need all the help we can get — wir brauchen jede nur mögliche Hilfe

help was at hand — Hilfe war zur Stelle

he is beyond help — ihm ist nicht mehr zu helfen

he is beyond medical help — ihm kann kein Arzt mehr helfen

to ask sb for help — jdn um Hilfe bitten

to give help — Hilfe leisten

to come to sb's help — jdm zu Hilfe kommen

to be of help to sb — jdm helfen; (person also) jdm behilflich sein; (thing also) jdm nützen

he isn't much help to me — er ist mir keine große Hilfe

you're a great help! (iro) — du bist mir eine schöne Hilfe!

we are short of help in the shop — wir haben nicht genügend (Hilfs)kräfte im Geschäft

there's no help for it — da ist nichts zu machen

2. vt

1) helfen (+dat)

to help sb (to) do sth — jdm (dabei) helfen, etw zu tun

to help sb with the cooking/his bags — jdm beim Kochen/mit seinen Taschen helfen

help! — Hilfe!, zu Hilfe!

so help me God! — so wahr mir Gott helfe!

can I help you? — kann ich (Ihnen) helfen or behilflich sein?

that won't help you — das wird Ihnen nichts nützen

this will help the pain/your headache — das wird gegen die Schmerzen/gegen Ihr Kopfweh helfen

it will help the wound to heal — das wird die Heilung (der Wunde) fördern

it will help the crops to grow — es wird das Wachstum des Getreides fördern

God helps those who help themselves (Prov) — hilf dir selbst, so hilft dir Gott

a man is helping the police with their inquiries (form euph) — ein Mann wird zurzeit von der Polizei vernommen

2)

(with particle) to help sb down — jdm hinunterhelfen

take some water to help the pill down — trinken Sie etwas Wasser, damit die Tablette besser rutscht

to help sb on/off with his/her etc coat —

he helped her out of the car — er half ihr aus dem Auto

to help sb over the street — jdm über die Straße helfen

to help sb through a difficult time (belief, hope, pills etc) — jdm in einer schwierigen Zeit durchhelfen; (person also) jdm in einer schwierigen Zeit beistehen

to help sb up (from floor, chair etc) — jdm aufhelfen or (up stairs etc) hinaufhelfen

I helped him in with his cases — ich half ihm mit seinem Gepäck

3)

she helped him to potatoes/meat — sie gab ihm Kartoffeln/Fleisch

to help oneself to sth — sich (dat) etw nehmen; ( inf

help yourself! —

I'll help the children first (inf) — ich gebe den Kindern zuerst

4)

(with can or cannot) he can't help it, he's only a baby — er kann nichts dafür, er ist doch noch ein Baby

I can't help being clever — (ich kann nichts dafür,) ich bin nun mal ein Genie or so schlau (inf)

he can't help the way he is — das ist nun mal (so) seine Art

don't say more than you can help — sagen Sie nicht mehr als unbedingt nötig

not if I can help it — nicht, wenn es nach mir geht

I couldn't help laughing — ich konnte mir nicht helfen, ich musste (einfach) lachen

I had to do it, I couldn't help it or myself — ich konnte mir nicht helfen, ich musste es einfach tun

I couldn't help thinking or but think... — ich konnte nicht umhin zu denken...

one cannot help wondering whether... — man muss sich wirklich fragen, ob...

it can't be helped — das lässt sich nicht ändern, das ist nun mal so

I can't help it if he's always late — ich kann nichts dafür, dass er immer zu spät kommt

3. vi
helfen
and your attitude didn't help either — und Ihre Einstellung war auch nicht gerade hilfreich

it helps (to) fight pollution — es trägt zur Bekämpfung der Umweltverschmutzung bei

* * *

help [help]

A s

1. (Mit)Hilfe f, Beistand m, Unterstützung f:

help! Hilfe!;

by ( oder with) the help of mit Hilfe von (od gen);

he came to my help er kam mir zu Hilfe;

it (she) is a great help es (sie) ist eine große Hilfe;

not be (of) much help to sb jemandem keine große Hilfe sein;

can I be of any help to you? kann ich Ihnen (irgendwie) helfen oder behilflich sein?

2. Abhilfe f:

there’s no help for it da kann man nichts machen, es lässt sich nicht ändern

3. a) Angestellte(r) m/f(m), Arbeiter(in), besonders Hausangestellte(r), Landarbeiter(in)

b) koll (Dienst)Personal n

4. Hilfsmittel n

5. Portion f (Essen) ( → helping B 2)

B v/t

1. jemandem helfen oder beistehen, jemanden unterstützen:

help sb (to) do sth jemandem helfen, etwas zu tun;

help me think denk doch (mal) mit!;

we help you look for accommodation wir sind Ihnen bei der Suche nach Unterkunft behilflich;

help sb in ( oder with) sth jemandem bei etwas helfen;

help sb into their coat jemandem in den Mantel helfen;

can I help you?

a) werden Sie schon bedient?,

b) kann ich Ihnen helfen oder behilflich sein?;

help sb out of a difficulty jemandem aus einer Schwierigkeit (heraus)helfen;

so help me (I did, will, etc)! Ehrenwort!; → god 2, police A 2

2. fördern, einer Sache nachhelfen, beitragen zu:

help sb’s downfall;

help solve a problem zur Lösung eines Problems beitragen

3. lindern, helfen oder Abhilfe schaffen bei:

help a cold

4. help sb to sth

a) jemandem zu etwas verhelfen,

b) (besonders bei Tisch) jemandem etwas reichen oder geben;

help o.s. sich bedienen (a. pej), zugreifen;

help o.s. to

a) sich bedienen mit, sich etwas nehmen,

b) sich etwas aneignen oder nehmen (auch stehlen)

5. ( mit can) (dat) abhelfen, ändern, verhindern, -meiden:

I cannot help it

a) ich kann es nicht ändern,

b) ich kann nichts dafür;

it cannot be helped da kann man nichts machen, es ist nicht zu ändern;

if I can help it wenn ich es vermeiden kann;

don’t be late if you can help it komm möglichst nicht zu spät!;

how could I help it?

a) was konnte ich dagegen tun?,

b) was konnte ich dafür?;

she can’t help her freckles für ihre Sommersprossen kann sie nichts;

I could not help laughing ich musste einfach lachen;

I cannot help feeling ich werde das Gefühl nicht los, ich kann mich des Eindrucks nicht erwehren ( beide:

that dass);

one can’t help liking him man muss ihn einfach gernhaben;

I can’t help thinking that … ich werde den Gedanken nicht los, dass …;

I can’t help wondering where … ich frage mich ununterbrochen, wo …;

I cannot help myself

a) ich kann nicht anders,

b) ich kann es nicht lassen

C v/i

1. helfen, Hilfe leisten:

every little helps jede Kleinigkeit hilft;

nothing will help now jetzt hilft nichts mehr;

help in the defence (US defense) SPORT in der Verteidigung aushelfen

2. don’t be longer than you can help bleib nicht länger als nötig!

* * *
1. transitive verb
1)

help somebody [to do something] — jemandem helfen [, etwas zu tun]

help oneself — sich (Dat.) selbst helfen

can I help you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop also) was möchten Sie bitte?

2) (serve)

help oneself — sich (Dat.) nehmen; sich bedienen

help oneself to something — sich (Dat.) etwas nehmen; (coll.): (steal) etwas mitgehen lassen (ugs.)

3) (avoid)

if I/you can help it — wenn es irgend zu vermeiden ist

not if I can help it — nicht wenn ich es verhindern kann

it can't be helped — es lässt sich nicht ändern

I can't help it — (remedy) ich kann nichts dafür (ugs.)

4) (refrain from)

I can't help thinking or can't help but think that... — ich kann mir nicht helfen, ich glaube,...

I can't help laughing — ich muss einfach lachen
2. noun
Hilfe, die

be of [some]/no/much help to somebody — jemandem eine gewisse/keine/eine große Hilfe sein

there's no help for it — daran lässt sich nichts ändern

Phrasal Verbs:

- help out

* * *

n.

Hilfe -n f.

Mithilfe -n f. v.

helfen v.

(§ p.,pp.: half, geholfen)

English-german dictionary > help
15 Windows Memory Diagnostics Tool

"A feature of Windows Vista that can automatically detect and resolve problems caused by defective physical memory. If the diagnostics module identifies a memory problem, Windows Vista can avoid using the affected portion of physical memory, enabling the operating system to start successfully and avoid application crashes."

أداة تشخيص ذاكرة Windows

English-Arabic terms dictionary > Windows Memory Diagnostics Tool
16 conversation

[ˌkɔnvə'seɪʃ(ə)n]
n

разговор, беседа

His convincing conversation. — Его убедительный разговор.

The conversation turned upon/fell upon/drifted to smth — Разговор перешёл на что-либо.

- friendly conversation
- merry conversation
- animated conversation
- light easy conversation
- rapid conversation
- stupid conversation
- following conversation
- private conversation
- long polite conversation
- one-sided conversation
- entertaining conversation
- dinner conversation
- round-table conversation
- street-corner conversation
- telephone conversation
- polite conversation
- conversation with smb
- conversation about smb, smth
- conversation about the matter
- conversation among the guests
- general conversation at dinner
- conversation in a bus
- conversations on the problems of the day
- conversation with friends
- lull in conversation
- buzz of conversation
- his flow of conversation
- topic of universal conversation
- engaged in conversation
- after a brief conversation with smb
- gossipy conversation
- avoid frivolous conversations
- bring conversation to a close
- bug a conversation
- carry out the simplest conversation in a foreign language
- continue a conversation

- draw out conversation agreeable to the party
- hear an unfamiliar word in conversation
- enjoy an intellectual conversation
- follow his conversation with difficulty
- hold conversation
- hold conversations by telephone
- indulge in a pleasant conversation
- interrupt a conversation
- join in open a conversation
- keep the conversation off that matter
- make conversation
- make a conversation
- hold a conversation
- make a lively conversation
- overhear smb's conversation
- overhear fragments of conversation
- start a conversation
- stimulate a conversation
- turn a conversation to other matters
ASSOCIATIONS AND IMAGERY:

Существительное conversation ассоциируется с путешествием, поездкой или передвижением говорящих с одного места на другое. Этот, лежащий в основе значений conversation, образ прослеживается в ряде словосочетаний, используемых в ходе любого разговора: I'm listening, go on, please я вас слушаю, продолжайте дальше; I don't think you are on the right track мне кажется обсуждение идет по неверному пути; we have covered a lot of ground but could not arrive at any decision мы затронули много вопросов, но не смогли принять никакого решения; the conversation drifted to less important problems разговор постепенно/незаметно перешел к менее важным вопросам; let's return to the point, we have started давайте вернемся к вопросу, с которого мы начали; I can quite see where you are heading я хорошо понимаю, куда вы ведете/на что вы намекаете; the conversation took an unexpected turn/direction разговор принял неожиданный оборот; I was just coming to that я как раз сейчас к этому подхожу; we eventually arrived at a conclusion мы в конце концов пришли к решению; we wandered off the topic мы отклонились от темы разговора; we kept going round and round in circles мы все время кружим в одном и том же месте

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > conversation
17 Language

   1) The Book of Nature Is Written in the Language of Mathematics

   Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)

   2) Arranging Speech so as to Reply Appropriately

   It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)

   3) No Other Animal Has the Language Capacity of the Human

   It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)

   4) Human Beings Do Not Live Only in the World of Objects

   Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reﬂection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)

   5) Language Powerfully Conditions All Our Thinking

   It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)

   6) A List of Language Games

   [A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]

   Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling it

   Solving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into another

   LANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)

   7) Language Constrains Certain Modes of Interpretation

   We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic ﬂux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)

   8) We Dissect Nature in Accordance with Our Native Languages

   We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.

   The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic ﬂux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)

   9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own Language

   The forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)

    10) The Analysis of Certain Types of Utterances

   It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)

    11) The Dictionary of a Language Is a System of Concepts

   In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)

    12) Talk about the Evolution of the Language Capacity is Beside the Point

   In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)

    13) The Development of Language

   [It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chieﬂy governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)

    14) Sentential and Conceptual Levels in Language

   he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.

   The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)

    15) Linguistic Realities Have Not Yet Been Captured by Theoretical Models

   The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.

   But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)

    16) The Final Steps to Human Language

   The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)

    17) The Inadequacy of Formal Linguistic Models for Ordinary Language Usage

    t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)

    18) When a Language Is an Abstract Machine

   A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)

    19) Metaphor and Metonymy Underpin the Formation of Linguistic Signs

   Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)

    20) Language and the Analysis of Nature

   It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)

    21) Correspondence Rules for Mapping Old Theory into Subsets of New Theory

   First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....

   Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)

    22) The Inclusion of Non- linguistic Factors in a Theory of Grammar

   If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)

    23) Language Is Inevitably Inﬂuenced by Specific Contexts of Human Interaction

   Language cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)

    24) The Genetic Blueprints of Language

   By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)

    25) Languages Are Machines

   Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language
18 overfitting

сущ.

стат. сверхточность*, сверхподгонка* (получение статистической модели, которая слишком хорошо выполняется на одном массиве данных, и плохо на других, в то время как она должна описывать общие закономерности для всех массивов)

Models must be flexible enough to fit nonlinear relationships, but unless the sample size is enormous, the approach to modeling must avoid common problems with data mining or data dredging that result in overfitting and failure of the predictive model to validate new subjects. — Модель должна быть достаточно гибкой, чтобы описывать и нелинейные связи, поэтому если объем данных не очень большой, возникает опасность того, что глубинный или слепой анализ данных приведет к сверхточной модели, которая не будет действовать на других данных.

Ant:

data mining, data fishing, fitting

See:

data mining, data fishing, fitting

Англо-русский экономический словарь > overfitting
19 repeat

1. сущ.
1) общ. повторение; повтор

to avoid a repeat of problems that have occurred in the past — избежать повторения проблем, которые имели место в прошлом

2) СМИ повтор (передача теле- или радиопрограмм, фильмов и т. п., которые уже передавались)

If the BBC and ITV have to put repeats on, why don't they show those that were on 15 to 20 years ago. — Если "Би-Би-Си" и "Ай-Ти-Ви" приходится повторно показывать свои передачи, то почему бы им не показать те, которые шли 15-20 лет назад.

3) торг. повторные [дополнительные\] заказы; повторная покупка

See:

repeat rate, repeat order, repeat purchase
2. гл.
1) общ. повторять

an offer that cannot be repeated — уникальное [единственное\] предложение

Syn:

reiterate

2) общ. повторяться, случаться вновь

history repeats itself — история повторяется
3. прил.
общ. повторный; многократный

repeat sale — повторная продажа

See:

repeat advertisement, repeat advertising, repeat audience, repeat buyer, repeat customer, repeat mailing, repeat purchaser, repeat sale

* * *

Реклама

повтор

повторная трансляция (публикация) рекламной передачи (рекламного объявления)

Англо-русский экономический словарь > repeat
20 repetition

сущ.

1) общ. повтор, повторение

to avoid repetition of problems — избежать повторения проблем

2) рекл. повтор, повторение, повторимость (многократное воздействие рекламы на потребителя в течение определенного промежутка времени)

One secret to a successful radio campaign is repetition. — Одним из секретов успешной рекламной компании по радио является повторение.

See:

repeat advertising, reprint service

* * *

Реклама

повтор

повторная трансляция (публикация) рекламной передачи (рекламного объявления)

Англо-русский экономический словарь > repetition

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